Along with Jim Crow laws, by which the state compelled segregation of the races, private parties such as businesses, political parties and unions created their own Jim Crow arrangements, barring blacks and mongolians (aka Chinese) from buying homes in certain neighborhoods, from shopping or working in certain stores, from working at certain trades, etc. The Supreme Court outlawed some forms of private discrimination in Shelley v. Kraemer 334 US 1 (1948), in which it held that restrictive covenants that barred sale of homes to blacks or Jews or Asians were unconstitutional, because they represented state-sponsored discrimination, in that they were only effective if the courts enforced them.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shelley_v._Kraemer
http://www.amazon.com/Partly-Colored-Americans-Anomaly-Segregated/dp/0814791336#reader_0814791336
In segregated South Chinese are called "chinks" and held at similar status as Negros.In Leslie Bow's book "Partly Colored: Asian Americans and Racial Anomaly in the Segregated South", she depicted an instance in which a Chinese man in need of emergency surgery is denied admission to a hospital for whites, one to which his father has donated money. When his white wife gives birth to his child in a hospital for whites, he is not permitted entrance. In South Africa, Japanese are considered White but Chinese are considered Black because China is a 3rd-world country.