先讀課文﹕
The Merchant of Venice威尼斯商人
by William Shakespeare莎士比亞
最精彩一幕 [最好先讀後面的介紹]
SHYLOCK ﹕
My deeds upon my head! I crave the law,
The penalty and forfeit of my bond.
PORTIA ﹕
Is he not able to discharge the money?
BASSANIO ﹕
Yes, here I tender it for him in the court;
Yea, twice the sum: if that will not suffice,
I will be bound to pay it ten times o'er,
On forfeit of my hands, my head, my heart:
If this will not suffice, it must appear
That malice bears down truth. And I beseech you,
Wrest once the law to your authority:
To do a great right, do a little wrong,
And curb this cruel devil of his will.
PORTIA ﹕
It must not be; there is no power in Venice
Can alter a decree established:
'Twill be recorded for a precedent,
And many an error by the same example
Will rush into the state: it cannot be.
SHYLOCK ﹕
A Daniel come to judgment! yea, a Daniel [聖經中的聖人]!
O wise young judge, how I do honour thee!
PORTIA ﹕
I pray you, let me look upon the bond.
SHYLOCK ﹕
Here 'tis, most reverend doctor [指法官﹐見下面介紹], here it is.
PORTIA ﹕
Shylock, there's thrice thy money offer'd thee.
SHYLOCK ﹕
An oath, an oath, I have an oath in heaven:
Shall I lay perjury upon my soul?
No, not for Venice.
PORTIA ﹕
Why, this bond is forfeit;
And lawfully by this the Jew may claim
A pound of flesh, to be by him cut off
Nearest the merchant's heart. Be merciful:
Take thrice thy money; bid me tear the bond.
SHYLOCK ﹕
When it is paid according to the tenor.
It doth appear you are a worthy judge;
You know the law, your exposition
Hath been most sound: I charge you by the law,
Whereof you are a well-deserving pillar,
Proceed to judgment: by my soul I swear
There is no power in the tongue of man
To alter me: I stay here on my bond.
ANTONIO ﹕
Most heartily I do beseech the court
To give the judgment.
PORTIA ﹕
Why then, thus it is:
You must prepare your bosom for his knife.
SHYLOCK ﹕
O noble judge! O excellent young man!
PORTIA ﹕
For the intent and purpose of the law
Hath full relation to the penalty,
Which here appeareth due upon the bond.
SHYLOCK ﹕
'Tis very true: O wise and upright judge!
How much more elder art thou than thy looks!
PORTIA ﹕
Therefore lay bare your bosom.
SHYLOCK ﹕
Ay, his breast:
So says the bond: doth it not, noble judge?
'Nearest his heart:' those are the very words.
PORTIA ﹕
It is so. Are there balance here to weigh
The flesh?
SHYLOCK ﹕
I have them ready.
PORTIA ﹕
Have by some surgeon, Shylock, on your charge,
To stop his wounds, lest he do bleed to death.
SHYLOCK ﹕
Is it so nominated in the bond?
PORTIA ﹕
It is not so express'd: but what of that?
'Twere good you do so much for charity.
SHYLOCK ﹕
I cannot find it; 'tis not in the bond.
PORTIA ﹕
You, merchant, have you any thing to say?
ANTONIO ﹕
But little: I am arm'd and well prepared.
Give me your hand, Bassanio: fare you well!
Grieve not that I am fallen to this for you;
For herein Fortune shows herself more kind
Than is her custom: it is still her use
To let the wretched man outlive his wealth,
To view with hollow eye and wrinkled brow
An age of poverty; from which lingering penance
Of such misery doth she cut me off.
Commend me to your honourable wife:
Tell her the process of Antonio's end;
Say how I loved you, speak me fair in death;
And, when the tale is told, bid her be judge
Whether Bassanio had not once a love.
Repent but you that you shall lose your friend,
And he repents not that he pays your debt;
For if the Jew do cut but deep enough,
I'll pay it presently with all my heart.
BASSANIO ﹕
Antonio, I am married to a wife
Which is as dear to me as life itself;
But life itself, my wife, and all the world,
Are not with me esteem'd above thy life:
I would lose all, ay, sacrifice them all
Here to this devil, to deliver you.
PORTIA ﹕
Your wife would give you little thanks for that,
If she were by, to hear you make the offer.
GRATIANO ﹕
I have a wife, whom, I protest, I love:
I would she were in heaven, so she could
Entreat some power to change this currish Jew.
NERISSA ﹕
'Tis well you offer it behind her back;
The wish would make else an unquiet house.
SHYLOCK ﹕
These be the Christian hu*****ands. I have a daughter;
Would any of the stock of Barrabas [1]
Had been her hu*****and rather than a Christian!
Aside
We trifle time: I pray thee, pursue sentence.
PORTIA ﹕
A pound of that same merchant's flesh is thine:
The court awards it, and the law doth give it.
SHYLOCK ﹕
Most rightful judge!
PORTIA ﹕
And you must cut this flesh from off his breast:
The law allows it, and the court awards it.
SHYLOCK ﹕
Most learned judge! A sentence! Come, prepare!
PORTIA ﹕
Tarry a little; there is something else.
This bond doth give thee here no jot of blood;
The words expressly are 'a pound of flesh:'
Take then thy bond, take thou thy pound of flesh;
But, in the cutting it, if thou dost shed
One drop of Christian blood, thy lands and goods
Are, by the laws of Venice, confiscate
Unto the state of Venice.
GRATIANO ﹕
O upright judge! Mark, Jew: O learned judge!
SHYLOCK ﹕
Is that the law?
PORTIA ﹕
Thyself shalt see the act:
For, as thou urgest justice, be assured
Thou shalt have justice, more than thou desirest.
GRATIANO ﹕
O learned judge! Mark, Jew: a learned judge!
SHYLOCK ﹕
I take this offer, then; pay the bond thrice
And let the Christian go.
BASSANIO ﹕
Here is the money.
PORTIA ﹕
Soft! [意思是慢來]
The Jew shall have all justice; soft! no haste:
He shall have nothing but the penalty.
GRATIANO ﹕
O Jew! an upright judge, a learned judge!
PORTIA ﹕
Therefore prepare thee to cut off the flesh.
Shed thou no blood, nor cut thou less nor more
But just a pound of flesh: if thou cut'st more
Or less than a just pound, be it but so much
As makes it light or heavy in the substance,
Or the division of the twentieth part
Of one poor scruple, nay, if the scale do turn
But in the estimation of a hair,
Thou diest and all thy goods are confiscate.
GRATIANO ﹕
A second Daniel, a Daniel, Jew!
Now, infidel, I have you on the hip.
PORTIA ﹕
Why doth the Jew pause? take thy forfeiture.
SHYLOCK ﹕
Give me my principal 本金, and let me go.
BASSANIO ﹕
I have it ready for thee; here it is.
PORTIA ﹕
He hath refused it in the open court:
He shall have merely justice and his bond.
GRATIANO ﹕
A Daniel, still say I, a second Daniel!
I thank thee, Jew, for teaching me that word.
SHYLOCK ﹕
Shall I not have barely my principal?
PORTIA ﹕
Thou shalt have nothing but the forfeiture,
To be so taken at thy peril, Jew.
SHYLOCK ﹕
Why, then the devil give him good of it!
I'll stay no longer question.
PORTIA ﹕
Tarry, Jew:
The law hath yet another hold on you.
It is enacted in the laws of Venice,
If it be proved against an alien
That by direct or indirect attempts
He seek the life of any citizen,
The party 'gainst the which he doth contrive
Shall seize one half his goods; the other half
Comes to the privy coffer of the state;
And the offender's life lies in the mercy
Of the duke only, 'gainst all other voice.
In which predicament, I say, thou stand'st;
For it appears, by manifest proceeding,
That indirectly and directly too
Thou hast contrived against the very life
Of the defendant; and thou hast incurr'd
The danger formerly by me rehearsed.
Down therefore and beg mercy of the duke.
GRATIANO ﹕
Beg that thou mayst have leave to hang thyself:
And yet, thy wealth being forfeit to the state,
Thou hast not left the value of a cord;
Therefore thou must be hang'd at the state's charge.
DUKE ﹕
That thou shalt see the difference of our spirits,
I pardon thee thy life before thou ask it:
For half thy wealth, it is Antonio's;
The other half comes to the general state,
Which humbleness may drive unto a fine.
PORTIA
Ay, for the state, not for Antonio.
SHYLOCK ﹕
Nay, take my life and all; pardon not that:
You take my house when you do take the prop
That doth sustain my house; you take my life
When you do take the means whereby I live.
PORTIA ﹕
What mercy can you render him, Antonio?
GRATIANO ﹕
A halter gratis; nothing else, for God's sake.
ANTONIO ﹕
So please my lord the duke and all the court
To quit the fine for one half of his goods,
I am content; so he will let me have
The other half in use, to render it,
Upon his death, unto the gentleman
That lately stole his daughter:
Two things provided more, that, for this favour,
He presently become a Christian;
The other, that he do record a gift,
Here in the court, of all he dies possess'd,
Unto his son Lorenzo and his daughter.
DUKE ﹕
He shall do this, or else I do recant
The pardon that I late pronounced here.
PORTIA ﹕
Art thou contented, Jew? what dost thou say?
SHYLOCK ﹕
I am content.
PORTIA ﹕
Clerk, draw a deed of gift.
SHYLOCK ﹕
I pray you, give me leave to go from hence;
I am not well: send the deed after me,
And I will sign it.
DUKE ﹕
Get thee gone, but do it.
GRATIANO ﹕
In christening shalt thou have two god-fathers:
Had I been judge, thou shouldst have had ten more,
To bring thee to the gallows, not the font.
Exit SHYLOCK
1) 生詞自查。
2) William Shakespeare (baptised 26 April 1564; died 23 April 1616) was
an English poet and playwright, widely regarded as the greatest writer in
the English language and the world's pre-eminent dramatist. He is often
called England's national poet and the "Bard of Avon". His surviving works,
including some collaborations, consist of about 38 plays, 154 sonnets, two
long narrative poems, and several other poems.
3) 劇情介紹﹕The Merchant of Venice is a tragic comedy by William Shakespeare,
believed to have been written between 1596 and 1598. In the 16th century,
the city of Venice in Italy was one of the richest of the world. Among the
wealthiest of its merchants was Antonio. Bassanio, a young Venetian, of
noble rank but having squandered his estate, wishes to travel to Belmont
to win the beautiful and wealthy heiress Portia. He approaches his friend
Antonio for three thousand ducats needed to subsidise his travelling expenditures
as a suitor for three months. Antonio agrees, but he is cash-poor; his ships
and merchandise are busy at sea. He promises to cover a bond if Bassanio
can find a lender, so Bassanio turns to the Jewish moneylender Shylock and
names Antonio as the loan's guarantor. Shylock hates Antonio because Antonio
undermines Shylock's moneylending business by lending money at zero interest.
Shylock proposes a condition for the loan: if Antonio is unable to repay
it at the specified date, he may take a pound of Antonio's flesh. Bassanio
does not want Antonio to accept such a risky condition; Antonio is surprised
by what he sees as the moneylender's generosity (no interest is asked for),
and he signs the contract. With money at hand, Bassanio leaves for Belmont
with his friend Gratiano, who has asked to accompany him. Gratiano is a
likeable young man, but is often flippant for Belmont and Portia. At Venice,
Antonio's ships are reported lost at sea. This leaves him unable to satisfy
the bond. Shylock has Antonio arrested and brought before court.
At Belmont, Portia and Bassanio have just been married. Bassanio receives
a letter telling him that Antonio has been unable to return the loan taken
from Shylock. Shocked, Bassanio and Gratiano leave for Venice immediately,
with money from Portia, to save Antonio's life by offering the money to
Shylock. Unknown to Bassanio and Gratiano, Portia has sent her servant,
Balthazar, to seek the counsel of Portia's cousin, Bellario, a lawyer, at
Padua. The climax of the play comes in the court of the Duke of Venice.
Shylock refuses Bassanio's offer of 6,000 ducats, twice the amount of the
loan. He demands his pound of flesh from Antonio. The Duke, wishing to save
Antonio but unwilling to set a dangerous legal precedent of nullifying a
contract, refers the case to a visitor who introduces himself as Balthazar,
a young male "doctor of the law", bearing a letter of recommendation to
the Duke from the learned lawyer Bellario. The "doctor" is actually Portia
in disguise, and the "law clerk" who accompanies her is actually Nerissa,
also in disguise. Portia, as "Balthazar", asks Shylock to show mercy in
a famous speech, but Shylock refuses. Thus the court must allow Shylock to
extract the pound of flesh. Shylock tells Antonio to "prepare". At that
very moment, Portia points out a flaw in the contract: the bond only allows
Shylock to remove the flesh, not the "blood", of Antonio. Thus, if Shylock
were to shed any drop of Antonio's blood, his "lands and goods" would be
forfeited under Venetian laws. Further damning Shylock's case, she tells
him that he must cut precisely one pound of flesh, no more, no less. Defeated,
Shylock concedes to accepting Bassanio's offer of money for the defaulted
bond, first his offer to pay "the bond thrice," which Portia rebuffs, telling
him to take his bond, and then merely the principal, which Portia also prevents
him from doing on the ground that he has already refused it "in the open
court." She then cites a law under which Shylock, as a Jew and therefore
an "alien", having attempted to take the life of a citizen, has forfeited
his property, half to the government and half to Antonio, leaving his life
at the mercy of the Duke. The Duke immediately pardons Shylock's life.
4) 註釋﹕[1] Barabbas or Jesus Barabbas (literally "son of the father" or
"Jesus, son of the father" respectively) is a figure in the Christian narrative
of the Passion of Jesus, in which he is the insurrectionary whom Pontius
Pilate freed at the Passover feast in Jerusalem.
5) 莎士比亞的“威尼斯商人”也是莎翁的名劇之一。是用Blank verse形式寫的。
凡是長度到底的句子一般都是五音步抑揚格﹐不押韻。
选择“Disable on www.wenxuecity.com”
选择“don't run on pages on this domain”
