If VPN shows “Connected”
This can absolutely cause your symptoms, including:
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Not receiving incoming calls
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No call records
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Signal bar fluctuating
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But data and SMS still working
Because some VPNs reroute all network traffic, including the carrier’s voice-over-LTE registration.
If that registration fails → incoming calls never reach your phone.
This is very common after installing a verification or email security app.
turn it OFF and test your calls.
Settings → General → VPN & Device Management → VPN → Disconnect
You may not even notice it turned on automatically.