烹调食物对叶酸的影响

这里有一篇文章研究烹调对叶酸含量的影响。看起来除了水煮会比较显著减少叶酸含量以外,其他烹调方式影响并不大。文章中的数据表明水煮蔬菜大约损耗一半左右的叶酸含量,我怀疑主要是溶解在水里丢失了,因为叶酸是水溶性的。蒸菜,炒菜等应该没太大关系。

那么说也不一定非要生吃蔬菜。

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12493090

 

The effect of different cooking methods on folate retention in various foods that are amongst the major contributors to folate intake in the UK diet.

Folate intake is strongly influenced by various methods of cooking that can degrade the natural forms of the vitamin in foods. The aim of the present study was to determine the effect of different cooking methods on folate retention in various foods that contribute to folate intake in the UK diet. Typical purchasing and cooking practices of representative food folate sources were determined from a questionnaire survey of local shoppers (n 100). Total folate was determined by microbiological assay (Lactobacillus casei NCIMB 10463) following thermal extraction and tri-enzyme (alpha-amylase, protease and conjugase) treatment in raw foods and after typical methods of cooking. Boiling for typical time periods resulted in only 49 % retention of folate in spinach (191.8 and 94.4 microg/100 g for raw and boiled spinach respectively; P<0.005), and only 44 % in broccoli (177.1 and 77.0 microg/100 g for raw and boiled broccoli respectively, P<0.0001). Steaming of spinach or broccoli, in contrast, resulted in no significant decrease in folate content, even for the maximum steaming periods of 4.5 min (spinach) and 15.0 min (broccoli). Prolonged grilling of beef for the maximum period of 16.0 min did not result in a significant decrease in folate content (54.3 and 51.5 microg/100 g for raw and grilled beef respectively). Compared with raw values, boiling of whole potatoes (skin and flesh) for 60.0 min did not result in a significant change in folate content (125.1 and 102.8 microg/100 g for raw and boiled potato respectively), nor was there any effect on folate retention whether or not skin was retained during boiling. These current results show that the retention of folate in various foods is highly dependent both on the food in question and the method of cooking. Thus, public health efforts to increase folate intake in order to improve folate status should incorporate practical advice on cooking.

所有跟帖: 

赞一个,谢谢分享。我觉得蔬菜最好是生的熟的都吃。 -Lily168- 给 Lily168 发送悄悄话 Lily168 的博客首页 (0 bytes) () 09/27/2015 postreply 09:13:41

以前我特别不爱吃生菜(凉拌黄瓜等除外)。近两年发现芝麻菜( arugula)生吃还真挺好吃的,越嚼越香 -viewfinder- 给 viewfinder 发送悄悄话 viewfinder 的博客首页 (110 bytes) () 09/27/2015 postreply 09:40:01

握握手,我也喜欢吃阿如古拉!吃色拉我只吃这个菜,加水果。 -不聊天- 给 不聊天 发送悄悄话 不聊天 的博客首页 (0 bytes) () 09/27/2015 postreply 09:42:54

除了芝麻菜特好吃,菠菜生吃也挺好吃的,菠菜打成蔬菜汁味道很清淡neutral, -Lily168- 给 Lily168 发送悄悄话 Lily168 的博客首页 (198 bytes) () 09/27/2015 postreply 09:50:22

对,宝宝菠菜也不错,大叶子的就不行了,涩口。球茎茴香挺好吃的。豆芽生吃还是不适应。 -viewfinder- 给 viewfinder 发送悄悄话 viewfinder 的博客首页 (0 bytes) () 09/27/2015 postreply 09:54:09

菠菜烧熟了太烂,不喜欢吃。 但捣汁巨好,几乎每天都用菠菜捣汁当水喝 -不聊天- 给 不聊天 发送悄悄话 不聊天 的博客首页 (0 bytes) () 09/27/2015 postreply 09:56:10

和俺观点一致。 -ME_Professor- 给 ME_Professor 发送悄悄话 (26 bytes) () 09/27/2015 postreply 09:44:21

中秋快乐! 我今天起的好早,出门去跑步,看到好大好亮的月亮! -Lily168- 给 Lily168 发送悄悄话 Lily168 的博客首页 (0 bytes) () 09/27/2015 postreply 09:52:25

从营养的角度反正都进了肚:) -viewfinder- 给 viewfinder 发送悄悄话 viewfinder 的博客首页 (0 bytes) () 09/27/2015 postreply 09:41:22

如果叶酸融入水中,而成分未变,我猜可以。 -ME_Professor- 给 ME_Professor 发送悄悄话 (26 bytes) () 09/27/2015 postreply 09:47:01

好!蔬菜,适合生吃或熟吃的,都吃些。 -ME_Professor- 给 ME_Professor 发送悄悄话 (26 bytes) () 09/27/2015 postreply 09:42:50

是啊。也祝中秋快乐! -viewfinder- 给 viewfinder 发送悄悄话 viewfinder 的博客首页 (0 bytes) () 09/27/2015 postreply 09:51:10

俺吃复合维生素里含有叶酸。。。 -御用文人- 给 御用文人 发送悄悄话 (59 bytes) () 09/27/2015 postreply 12:25:59

你还在吃复维啊?科研的结果说是所有的维他命(不管单V。还是复合的)制剂人体都是不能吸收的。故我是一切都不吃好久的了。 -Juzizhoutou- 给 Juzizhoutou 发送悄悄话 Juzizhoutou 的博客首页 (0 bytes) () 09/27/2015 postreply 16:40:28

给我一个 Link 嘛。。。 -御用文人- 给 御用文人 发送悄悄话 (0 bytes) () 09/27/2015 postreply 16:49:20

还是几年前所看到的一篇英文,可惜没印下来。但我早就听说复维是没用的,就只吃单维,直到看到此文方只原来全一样儿。 -Juzizhoutou- 给 Juzizhoutou 发送悄悄话 Juzizhoutou 的博客首页 (284 bytes) () 09/28/2015 postreply 11:31:38

对不起,是“方知”,非“方只”。 -Juzizhoutou- 给 Juzizhoutou 发送悄悄话 Juzizhoutou 的博客首页 (0 bytes) () 09/28/2015 postreply 11:34:45

似乎不对。不用科研,你吃几颗VB或复V,小便马上变黄--吸收的证据 -越王- 给 越王 发送悄悄话 越王 的博客首页 (0 bytes) () 09/27/2015 postreply 17:48:53

哈哈!说的对啰。。。从肠道吸收到血里,多余的又从肾脏排出啰。。。 -御用文人- 给 御用文人 发送悄悄话 (0 bytes) () 09/27/2015 postreply 19:26:11

我也不吃,尽量用饮食去补。 -雨点打在脸上- 给 雨点打在脸上 发送悄悄话 雨点打在脸上 的博客首页 (0 bytes) () 09/28/2015 postreply 07:45:11

除了食补,我还吃什么呢?有的:1。鱼油丸(我虽然对吃与不吃没有什么不同的感觉,但想当然还是吃好), -Juzizhoutou- 给 Juzizhoutou 发送悄悄话 Juzizhoutou 的博客首页 (122 bytes) () 09/28/2015 postreply 11:43:42

赞!谢谢分享! 中秋快乐! -志在千里- 给 志在千里 发送悄悄话 (0 bytes) () 09/27/2015 postreply 19:08:50

反正我汆过的蔬菜水都会喝一些,很好喝。 -蜀芊芊- 给 蜀芊芊 发送悄悄话 蜀芊芊 的博客首页 (0 bytes) () 09/27/2015 postreply 21:32:01

好貼!但綠葉菜除了葉酸還有草酸,很難兩全其美 -dudaan- 给 dudaan 发送悄悄话 dudaan 的博客首页 (0 bytes) () 09/28/2015 postreply 05:47:37

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