下面是2000年的一个东西，但是网上还有人常常引用，当然很多人不同意，仅供讨论。至少可以这样说，很长时间以来我们以为健康的东西可能不是那么健康，反之亦然。饮食平衡，不走极端，大概是最好的态度。我认识一位女士，绝对不吃红肉，吃鸡肉一定要把鸡皮扔掉，吃鸡蛋一定要扔掉蛋黄，也非常重视身体锻炼，一有时间就去森林观察鸟类，好像是非常健康的生活方式，但是50多岁就因癌症去世，另一位吃同样饮食的家庭成员也得了癌症（都是在美国）。有人认为她们就是动物脂肪吃得不够。当然这种个例没有太大意义。下面是原文和翻译，出处没有翻译，但都是比较权威的东西。我没有认真考察，也许文章作者是畜牧业生产者雇的，代表特殊利益集团，不可轻信。贴在这儿为了抛砖引玉。翻译的不确切之处也请指正。
Myth: Heart disease in America is caused by consumption of cholesterol and saturated fat from animal products.
神话：美国人的心脏病是由于吃高胆固醇和高饱和脂肪的肉类引起的。
Truth: During the period of rapid increase in heart disease (1920-1960), American consumption of animal fats declined but consumption of hydrogenated and industrially processed vegetable fats increased dramatically. (USDA-HNI)
事实：在心脏病发病率激增的40年中（1920-1960），美国人的动物脂肪消费量减少了，氢化植物油或工业加工植物油的消费则大幅度增加了。
Myth: Saturated fat clogs arteries.
神话：饱和脂肪阻塞动脉血管。
Truth: The fatty acids found in artery clogs are mostly unsaturated (74%) of which 41% are polyunsaturated. (Lancet 1994 344:1195)
事实：阻塞动脉血管的物质中不饱和脂肪居多（74%）而在这些不饱和脂肪中，41%是多不饱和脂肪。
Myth: Vegetarianism is healthy.
神话：素食是健康的生活方式。
Truth: The annual all-cause death rate of vegetarian men is slightly more than that of non-vegetarian men (.93% vs .89%); the annual death rate of vegetarian women is significantly more than that of non-vegetarian women (.86% vs .54%) (Am J Clin Nutr 1982 36:873)
素食男性的年度死亡率（各种原因）略高于非素食男性。（0.93% 比 0.89%) 素食女性的年度死亡率则明显高于非素食女性（各种原因）。(0.86 比 0.54%)
Myth: Vitamin B12 can be obtained from certain plant sources such as blue-green algae and soy products.
神话：维生素B12可以从植物性食物，例如蓝藻和大豆产品中获得。
Truth: Vitamin B12 is not absorbed from plant sources. Modern soy products increase the body's need for B12. (Soybeans: Chemistry & Technology Vol 1 1972)
事实：植物来源的维生素B12无法吸收。现代的大豆制品只能引起人体对维生素B12的更多的需求。
Myth: For good health, serum cholesterol should be less than 180 mg/dl.
神话：为了保持良好的健康，血浆胆固醇的浓度应该低于180毫克。
Truth: The all-cause death rate is higher in individuals with cholesterol levels lower than 180 mg/dl. (Circulation 1992 86:3:1026-1029)
事实：血浆胆固醇浓度低于180毫克的人的各种原因的死亡率更高。
Myth: Animal fats cause cancer and heart disease.
神话：动物脂肪引起癌症和心脏病。
Truth: Animal fats contain many nutrients that protect against cancer and heart disease; elevated rates of cancer and heart disease are associated with consumption of large amounts of vegetable oils. (Fed Proc July 1978 37:2215)
事实：动物脂肪含有大量的可以防癌和防心脏病的营养成分。癌症和心脏病的发病率的提高与植物油的大量消费有关。
Myth: Children benefit from a low-fat diet.
神话：低脂肪食谱有利于儿童健康。
Truth: Children on low-fat diets suffer from growth problems, failure to thrive & learning disabilities. (Food Chem News 10/3/94)
儿童吃低脂肪食物会有发育问题和智障。
Myth: A low-fat diet will make you "feel better . . . and increase your joy of living."
神话：吃低脂肪食品能让你感觉更好，增加生活的乐趣。
Truth: Low-fat diets are associated with increased rates of depression, psychological problems, fatigue, violence and suicide. (Lancet 3/21/92 v339)
低脂肪饮食与抑郁症、心理问题、过劳、暴力和自杀相伴随。
Myth: To avoid heart disease, we should use margarine instead of butter.
神话：为了防止心脏病，应该用麦淇淋代替奶油。
Truth: Margarine eaters have twice the rate of heart disease as butter eaters. (Nutrition Week 3/22/91 21:12)
事实：吃麦淇淋比吃奶油得心脏病的风险高一倍。
Myth: Americans do not consume enough essential fatty acids.
神话：美国人必要脂肪酸吃得不够。
Truth: Americans consume far too much of one kind of EFA (omega-6 EFAs found in most polyunsaturated vegetable oils) but not enough of another kind of EFA (omega-3 EFAs found in fish, fish oils, eggs from properly fed chickens, dark green vegetables and herbs, and oils from certain seeds such as flax and chia, nuts such as walnuts and in small amounts in all whole grains.) (Am J Clin Nutr 1991 54:438-63)
事实：美国人Omega 6脂肪（主要来自多不饱和脂肪植物油）吃得太多，Omega3脂肪（主要来自鱼、鱼油、自然饲养的鸡的鸡蛋、深绿色蔬菜、亚麻籽、南美小米、核桃等小规模种植的植物）吃得不够。
Myth: A vegetarian diet will protect you against atherosclerosis.
神话：植物性食谱可以防止动脉硬化。
Truth: The International Atherosclerosis Project found that vegetarians had just as much atherosclerosis as meat eaters. (Lab Invest 1968 18:498)
事实：素食者和肉食者在动脉硬化方面没有区别。
Myth: Low-fat diets prevent breast cancer.
神话：低脂肪食物可以预防乳腺癌。
Truth: A recent study found that women on very low-fat diets (less than 20%) had the same rate of breast cancer as women who consumed large amounts of fat. (NEJM 2/8/96)
事实：脂肪吃得非常少的妇女和脂肪吃得非常多的妇女患乳腺癌的风险相同。
Myth: The "cave man diet" was low in fat.
神话：原始人类是吃低脂饮食的。
Truth: Throughout the world, primitive peoples sought out and consumed fat from fish and shellfish, water fowl, sea mammals, land birds, insects, reptiles, rodents, bears, dogs, pigs, cattle, sheep, goats, game, eggs, nuts and milk products. (Abrams, Food & Evolution 1987)
事实：世界不同民族的原始时期都是从鱼类、贝类、水禽、海生哺乳动物、陆地禽类、昆虫、鼠类、犬类、猪、牛、羊、熊、蛋等动物性来源获得脂肪。
Myth: Coconut oil causes heart disease.
神话：椰子油引起心脏病。
Truth: When coconut oil was fed as 7% of energy to patients recovering from heart attacks, the patients had greater improvement compared to untreated controls, and no difference compared to patents treated with corn or safflower oils. Populations that consume coconut oil have low rates of heart disease. Coconut oil may also be one of the most useful oils to prevent heart disease because of its antiviral and antimicrobial characteristics. (JAMA 1967 202:1119-1123; Am J Clin Nutr 1981 34:1552)
事实：给心脏病人吃椰子油（占需要能量的百分之七），他们的恢复比对照组好得多，而吃玉米又和葵花籽油的则与对照组无区别。常吃椰子油的民族较少发生心脏病。椰子油对心脏的好处的另一可能是其抗病毒和抗菌特性。
Myth: Saturated fats inhibit production of anti-inflammatory prostaglandins.
神话：饱和脂肪阻碍防炎症的前列腺素的产生。
Truth: Saturated fats actually improve the production of all prostaglandins by facilitating the conversion of essential fatty acids. (Price-Pottenger Nutrition Foundation Journal 20:3)
事实：饱和脂肪实际上帮助上述前列腺素的产生。
Myth: Arachidonic acid in foods like liver, butter and egg yolks causes production of "bad" inflammatory prostaglandins.
神话：动物肝脏、奶油和蛋黄中的花生四烯酸会产生引起炎症的坏的前列腺素。
Truth: Series 2 prostaglandins that the body makes from arachidonic acid both encourage and inhibit inflammation under appropriate circumstances. Arachidonic acid is vital for the function of the brain and nervous system. (Price-Pottenger Nutrition Foundation Journal 20:3)
从花生四烯酸转化来的第二系列的前列腺素在适当条件下既有引起炎症的作用又有抗炎作用。对于脑神经系统说来，花生四烯酸非常重要。
Myth: Beef causes colon cancer
神话：牛肉引起结肠癌。
Truth: Argentina, with higher beef consumption, has lower rates of colon cancer than the US. Mormons have lower rates of colon cancer than vegetarian Seventh Day Adventists (Cancer Res 35:3513 1975)
事实：牛肉比美国吃得更多的阿根廷人的结肠癌发病率比美国低。
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