Stage II
Many of these cancers have grown through the wall of the colon and they may extend into nearby tissue. They have not yet spread to the lymph nodes.
Surgery to remove the section of the colon containing the cancer along with nearby lymph nodes (partial colectomy) may be the only treatment needed. But your doctor may recommend chemotherapy (chemo) after surgery (adjuvant chemo) if your cancer has a higher risk of coming back because of certain factors, such as:
The cancer looks very abnormal (is high grade) when viewed under a microscope.
The cancer has grown into nearby organs.
The surgeon did not remove at least 12 lymph nodes.
Cancer was found in or near the margin (edge) of the surgical specimen, meaning that some cancer may have been left behind.
The cancer had blocked off (obstructed) the colon.
The cancer caused a perforation (hole) in the wall of the colon.
第二阶段 GOOGLE TRANSLATE
许多这些癌症已经通过结肠壁生长，它们可以延伸到附近的组织中。他们还没有扩散到淋巴结。
手术去除含有连同附近的淋巴结（部分结肠切除）的癌的结肠的部分可以是唯一需要的治疗。但是，你的医生可能会建议化疗（化疗）手术（辅助化疗）后，如果你的癌症已经到来，因为某些因素，如回的高风险：
癌症看起来很异常（高年级），在显微镜下观察。
癌症已经成长为邻近器官。
外科医生并没有消除，至少12淋巴结。
癌症被发现在或靠近手术标本的边缘（边），这意味着有些癌症可能已被留下。
癌细胞已经封锁了（阻塞）结肠。
癌症引起穿孔（孔）在结肠壁。
不是所有的医生同意时化疗应当用于II期结肠癌。它讨论化疗的利弊与您的医生，包括多少可能会降低复发风险，什么可能的副作用将是非常重要的。
对化疗的主要选择为这一阶段包括5-FU和甲酰四氢叶酸（单独）或卡培他滨，但其它的组合也可以使用。
如果你的医生不能确定所有的癌症的除去，因为它被生长成其它组织时，他或她可能会建议放射治疗来尝试杀死任何残留的癌细胞。放射疗法可以给你的腹部，其中所述癌症是生长的区域。
Not all doctors agree on when chemo should be used for stage II colon cancers. It is important to discuss the pros and cons of chemo with your doctor, including how much it might reduce your risk of recurrence and what the likely side effects will be.
The main options for chemo for this stage include 5-FU and leucovorin (alone) or capecitabine, but other combinations may also be used.
If your surgeon is not sure all of the cancer was removed because it was growing into other tissues, he or she may advise radiation therapy to try to kill any remaining cancer cells. Radiation therapy can be given to the area of your abdomen where the cancer was growing.
Many of these cancers have grown through the wall of the colon and they may extend into nearby tissue. They have not yet spread to the lymph nodes.
Surgery to remove the section of the colon containing the cancer along with nearby lymph nodes (partial colectomy) may be the only treatment needed. But your doctor may recommend chemotherapy (chemo) after surgery (adjuvant chemo) if your cancer has a higher risk of coming back because of certain factors, such as:
The cancer looks very abnormal (is high grade) when viewed under a microscope.
The cancer has grown into nearby organs.
The surgeon did not remove at least 12 lymph nodes.
Cancer was found in or near the margin (edge) of the surgical specimen, meaning that some cancer may have been left behind.
The cancer had blocked off (obstructed) the colon.
The cancer caused a perforation (hole) in the wall of the colon.
第二阶段 GOOGLE TRANSLATE
许多这些癌症已经通过结肠壁生长，它们可以延伸到附近的组织中。他们还没有扩散到淋巴结。
手术去除含有连同附近的淋巴结（部分结肠切除）的癌的结肠的部分可以是唯一需要的治疗。但是，你的医生可能会建议化疗（化疗）手术（辅助化疗）后，如果你的癌症已经到来，因为某些因素，如回的高风险：
癌症看起来很异常（高年级），在显微镜下观察。
癌症已经成长为邻近器官。
外科医生并没有消除，至少12淋巴结。
癌症被发现在或靠近手术标本的边缘（边），这意味着有些癌症可能已被留下。
癌细胞已经封锁了（阻塞）结肠。
癌症引起穿孔（孔）在结肠壁。
不是所有的医生同意时化疗应当用于II期结肠癌。它讨论化疗的利弊与您的医生，包括多少可能会降低复发风险，什么可能的副作用将是非常重要的。
对化疗的主要选择为这一阶段包括5-FU和甲酰四氢叶酸（单独）或卡培他滨，但其它的组合也可以使用。
如果你的医生不能确定所有的癌症的除去，因为它被生长成其它组织时，他或她可能会建议放射治疗来尝试杀死任何残留的癌细胞。放射疗法可以给你的腹部，其中所述癌症是生长的区域。
Not all doctors agree on when chemo should be used for stage II colon cancers. It is important to discuss the pros and cons of chemo with your doctor, including how much it might reduce your risk of recurrence and what the likely side effects will be.
The main options for chemo for this stage include 5-FU and leucovorin (alone) or capecitabine, but other combinations may also be used.
If your surgeon is not sure all of the cancer was removed because it was growing into other tissues, he or she may advise radiation therapy to try to kill any remaining cancer cells. Radiation therapy can be given to the area of your abdomen where the cancer was growing.
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