不过也有安全问题，你自己研究一下。
http://baike.baidu.com/view/353033.htm
药用价值编辑
近年来药理学家发现，红曲入药，是一种出色的降血脂、降血压天然药物。在李时珍主编的巨著《本草纲红曲霉菌目》一书中即收载有若干个含有红曲成分的治病良方。中国中科院研究人员开发的以红曲为原料的降脂新药“乐脂平”，疗效可与美国公司开发的他汀类降脂药物媲美，国外称之为“中国他汀”。此外，红曲霉衍生物还有很强抗氧化兼抗癌作用。随着科学家对红曲霉的生理及药理作用的认识不断深入，古老的红曲有望成为重要的新药来源。
1995年，法国人Blanc博士证实红曲霉菌产生真菌毒素—桔霉素(Citrinin) ，至此，红曲红的食用安全性受到挑战。桔霉素是一种真菌毒素，具有肾毒性，毒性比较明显，可引起实验动物的肾脏肿大、尿量增多，肾小管扩张和上皮细胞变性坏死等症状。桔霉素的生成与否及其含量与红曲霉菌种、培养条件、精制工艺等因素有关。
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Red_yeast_rice
Red yeast rice and drugs
In the late 1970s, researchers in the United States and Japan were isolating lovastatin from Aspergillus and monacolins from Monascus, respectively, the latter being the same fungus used to make red yeast rice but cultured under carefully controlled conditions. Chemical analysis soon showed that lovastatin and monacolin K are identical. The article "The origin of statins" summarizes how the two isolations, documentations and patent applications were just months apart.[5] Lovastatin became the patented, prescription drug Mevacor for Merck & Co. Red yeast rice went on to become a contentious non-prescription dietary supplement in the United States and other countries.
Lovastatin and other prescription "statin" drugs inhibit cholesterol synthesis by blocking action of the enzyme HMG-CoA reductase. As a consequence, circulating total cholesterol and LDL-cholesterol are lowered. In a meta-analysis of 91 randomized clinical trials of ≥12 weeks duration, totaling 68,485 participants, LDL-cholesterol was lowered by 24-49% depending on the statin.[6] Different strains of Monascus fungus will produce different amounts of monacolins. The 'Went' strain of Monascus purpureus (purpureus = dark red in Latin), when properly fermented and processed, will yield a dried red yeast rice powder that is approximately 0.4% monacolins, of which roughly half will be monacolin K (identical to lovastatin). Monacolin content of a red yeast rice product is described in a 2008 clinical trial report.[7]
Safety
The safety of red yeast rice products has not been established, and some commercial supplements have been found to contain high levels of the toxin citrinin.[21] As commercial products will have highly variable amounts of monacolins,[21] and rarely declare this content on the label, defining risk is difficult. Ingredient suppliers have also been suspected of "spiking" red yeast rice preparations with purified lovastatin. As evidence, one published analysis reported several commercial products as being almost entirely monacolin K - which would occur if the drug lovastatin was added - rather than the expected composition of many monacolin compounds.[8] Statin drugs are known to cause muscle and liver damage. Statin-associated rhabdomyolysis can lead to kidney damage and possibly kidney failure (renal failure). This is why they are prescription drugs rather than over-the-counter, and with recommendations that the patients' physicians schedule liver function tests on a regular basis. There are many case reports in the literature of muscle myopathy and liver damage resulting from red yeast rice usage.[22][23][24][25][26][27][28] In 2009 Becker et al. reported on a U.S. trial that enrolled 62 patients with known statin-associated myalgias. Half got a RYR product (3600 mg/day, 13 mg monacolins, 6 mg monacolin k) for 24 weeks; and half were administered a placebo. In the treated group, LDL-cholesterol declined 21%. Two patients dropped out because of myalgia, 1 for diarrhea, and 1 for dizziness. In the placebo group, one dropped out for myalgia. Creatine phosphokinase increased slightly in the treated group (from 122 to 128 IU/L) versus decreasing with placebo (117 to 101 IU/L), but the shifts were not statistically significant. For those having completed the trial, subjective muscle pain scores were similar for the two groups.[29]
http://baike.baidu.com/view/353033.htm
药用价值编辑
近年来药理学家发现，红曲入药，是一种出色的降血脂、降血压天然药物。在李时珍主编的巨著《本草纲红曲霉菌目》一书中即收载有若干个含有红曲成分的治病良方。中国中科院研究人员开发的以红曲为原料的降脂新药“乐脂平”，疗效可与美国公司开发的他汀类降脂药物媲美，国外称之为“中国他汀”。此外，红曲霉衍生物还有很强抗氧化兼抗癌作用。随着科学家对红曲霉的生理及药理作用的认识不断深入，古老的红曲有望成为重要的新药来源。
1995年，法国人Blanc博士证实红曲霉菌产生真菌毒素—桔霉素(Citrinin) ，至此，红曲红的食用安全性受到挑战。桔霉素是一种真菌毒素，具有肾毒性，毒性比较明显，可引起实验动物的肾脏肿大、尿量增多，肾小管扩张和上皮细胞变性坏死等症状。桔霉素的生成与否及其含量与红曲霉菌种、培养条件、精制工艺等因素有关。
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Red_yeast_rice
Red yeast rice and drugs
In the late 1970s, researchers in the United States and Japan were isolating lovastatin from Aspergillus and monacolins from Monascus, respectively, the latter being the same fungus used to make red yeast rice but cultured under carefully controlled conditions. Chemical analysis soon showed that lovastatin and monacolin K are identical. The article "The origin of statins" summarizes how the two isolations, documentations and patent applications were just months apart.[5] Lovastatin became the patented, prescription drug Mevacor for Merck & Co. Red yeast rice went on to become a contentious non-prescription dietary supplement in the United States and other countries.
Lovastatin and other prescription "statin" drugs inhibit cholesterol synthesis by blocking action of the enzyme HMG-CoA reductase. As a consequence, circulating total cholesterol and LDL-cholesterol are lowered. In a meta-analysis of 91 randomized clinical trials of ≥12 weeks duration, totaling 68,485 participants, LDL-cholesterol was lowered by 24-49% depending on the statin.[6] Different strains of Monascus fungus will produce different amounts of monacolins. The 'Went' strain of Monascus purpureus (purpureus = dark red in Latin), when properly fermented and processed, will yield a dried red yeast rice powder that is approximately 0.4% monacolins, of which roughly half will be monacolin K (identical to lovastatin). Monacolin content of a red yeast rice product is described in a 2008 clinical trial report.[7]
Safety
The safety of red yeast rice products has not been established, and some commercial supplements have been found to contain high levels of the toxin citrinin.[21] As commercial products will have highly variable amounts of monacolins,[21] and rarely declare this content on the label, defining risk is difficult. Ingredient suppliers have also been suspected of "spiking" red yeast rice preparations with purified lovastatin. As evidence, one published analysis reported several commercial products as being almost entirely monacolin K - which would occur if the drug lovastatin was added - rather than the expected composition of many monacolin compounds.[8] Statin drugs are known to cause muscle and liver damage. Statin-associated rhabdomyolysis can lead to kidney damage and possibly kidney failure (renal failure). This is why they are prescription drugs rather than over-the-counter, and with recommendations that the patients' physicians schedule liver function tests on a regular basis. There are many case reports in the literature of muscle myopathy and liver damage resulting from red yeast rice usage.[22][23][24][25][26][27][28] In 2009 Becker et al. reported on a U.S. trial that enrolled 62 patients with known statin-associated myalgias. Half got a RYR product (3600 mg/day, 13 mg monacolins, 6 mg monacolin k) for 24 weeks; and half were administered a placebo. In the treated group, LDL-cholesterol declined 21%. Two patients dropped out because of myalgia, 1 for diarrhea, and 1 for dizziness. In the placebo group, one dropped out for myalgia. Creatine phosphokinase increased slightly in the treated group (from 122 to 128 IU/L) versus decreasing with placebo (117 to 101 IU/L), but the shifts were not statistically significant. For those having completed the trial, subjective muscle pain scores were similar for the two groups.[29]
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