这有个相对详细的描述，来自加拿大专业机构

http://www.ccohs.ca/oshanswers/diseases/hepatitis_b.html

Where is the hepatitis B virus found and how is it transmitted?

 

Blood is the major source of the hepatitis B virus in the workplace. It can also be found in other tissues and body fluids, but in much lower concentrations. The risk of transmission varies according to the specific source. The virus can survive outside the body for at least 7 days and still able to cause infection.

Other Body Fluids and Tissues

Hepatitis B is found in semen and vaginal secretions. The virus can be transmitted during unprotected sexual intercourse, and from mother to infant during birth.

Synovial fluid (joint lubricant), amniotic fluid, cerebrospinal fluid, and peritoneal fluid (found in the abdominal cavity) can contain the hepatitis B virus, but the risk of transmission to workers is not known.

Feces, nasal secretions, sputum, sweat, tears, urine, and vomit have not been implicated in the spread of hepatitis B. Unless they are visibly contaminated with blood, the risk of contracting hepatitis B from these fluids in the workplace is practically nonexistent.

Hepatitis B is not transmitted by casual contact. For example, hospital employees who have no contact with blood, blood products, or blood-contaminated fluids are at no greater risk than the general public. However, the virus can spread through intimate contact with carriers in a household setting. Why this happens is not completely understood. Somehow, the virus can find its way into the bloodstream of fellow family members possibly because of frequent physical contact with the small cuts or skin rashes. The virus can also spread through biting and possibly by the sharing of toothbrushes or razors. It is not spread through sneezing, coughing, hand holding, hugging, breastfeeding, sharing eating utensils, water or food.

所有跟帖： 

• 看了你说的那个网站， -viewfinder- ♀ (406 bytes) () 10/26/2011 postreply 07:50:52

• 这有什么好争的呢，大方向就是那几种传染方式 -话悄悄- ♀ (463 bytes) () 10/26/2011 postreply 08:16:31