Reviewed by QualityHealth's Medical Advisory Board
Harvard School of Public Health scientists, along with colleagues from other institutions, have discovered a natural substance in dairy fat that could reduce the risk of type 2 diabetes. The substance, a fatty acid that's present in butter, cheese, and milk, is called trans-palmitoleic acid.
The scientists described their findings in the Annals of Internal Medicine, noting that trans-palmitoleic acid could be behind other studies that found that diets rich in diary products are associated with a lower risk of type 2 diabetes. The substance, which is not made by the body, can only be obtained by consuming foods that contain it. Trans-palmitoleic acid is not the same as commercially produced trans fats, which have been linked to cardiovascular disease.
Investigators tracked the nearly 4,000 study participants' insulin levels, blood sugar levels and blood fatty acid levels. They learned that those with higher levels of trans-palmitoleic acid ran a substantially lower chance of getting type 2 diabetes.
"This type of observational finding requires confirmation in additional observational studies and controlled trials, but the magnitude of this association is striking," noted Harvard professor Dariush Mozaffarian. "This represents an almost three-fold difference in risk of developing diabetes among individuals with the highest blood levels of this fatty acid."
But don't rush out and lay in a supply of super-premium ice cream and butter just yet. While it's an interesting study, it's too early to start telling people to increase their intake of full-fat dairy products as a way to reduce their type 2 diabetes risk, experts say.