他们处理数据的时候用了 total number of newly diagnosed cancer patients

他们是这么计算的：

The total number of newly diagnosed cancer patients for 22 major adult
malignancies was determined from cancer registry data in Australia and from the Surveillance Epidemiology and End Results data in the
USA for 1998. For each malignancy, the absolute number to bene?t was the product of (a) the total number of persons with that
malignancy; (b) the proportion or subgroup(s) of that malignancy showing a bene?t; and (c) the percentage increase in 5-year survival due
solely to cytotoxic chemotherapy. The overall contribution was the sum total of the absolute numbers showing a 5-year survival bene?t
expressed as a percentage of the total number for the 22 malignancies

虽然他们用了随机临床测试的结果，但他们的对比组并不真正是临床测试里的对比组。