High-dose intravenous vitamin C, a promising multi-targeting agent in the treatment of cancer
Abstract
Mounting evidence indicates that vitamin C has the potential to be a potent anti-cancer agent when administered intravenously and in high doses (high-dose IVC). Early phase clinical trials have confirmed safety and indicated efficacy of IVC in eradicating tumour cells of various cancer types. In recent years, the multi-targeting effects of vitamin C were unravelled, demonstrating a role as cancer-specific, pro-oxidative cytotoxic agent, anti-cancer epigenetic regulator and immune modulator, reversing epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition, inhibiting hypoxia and oncogenic kinase signalling and boosting immune response. Moreover, high-dose IVC is powerful as an adjuvant treatment for cancer, acting synergistically with many standard (chemo-) therapies, as well as a method for mitigating the toxic side-effects of chemotherapy. Despite the rationale and ample evidence, strong clinical data and phase III studies are lacking. Therefore, there is a need for more extensive awareness of the use of this highly promising, non-toxic cancer treatment in the clinical setting. In this review, we provide an elaborate overview of pre-clinical and clinical studies using high-dose IVC as anti-cancer agent, as well as a detailed evaluation of the main known molecular mechanisms involved. A special focus is put on global molecular profiling studies in this respect. In addition, an outlook on future implications of high-dose vitamin C in cancer treatment is presented and recommendations for further research are discussed.
中文摘要
https://www.x-mol.com/paper/1454576632598528000/t?recommendPaper=1365442765557166080
越来越多的证据表明,当静脉内和高剂量(高剂量 IVC)给药时,维生素 C 有可能成为一种有效的抗癌剂。早期临床试验已证实 IVC 在根除各种癌症类型的肿瘤细胞方面的安全性和有效性。近年来,维生素C的多靶点作用被揭示,显示出作为癌症特异性、促氧化细胞毒剂、抗癌表观遗传调节剂和免疫调节剂、逆转上皮-间质转化、抑制缺氧和致癌的作用激酶信号传导和增强免疫反应。此外,高剂量 IVC 作为癌症的辅助治疗是强大的,与许多标准(化学)疗法协同作用,以及减轻化学疗法毒副作用的方法。尽管有理由和充分的证据,但缺乏强有力的临床数据和 III 期研究。因此,需要更广泛地了解在临床环境中使用这种极具前景的无毒癌症治疗方法。在这篇综述中,我们提供了使用高剂量 IVC 作为抗癌剂的临床前和临床研究的详细概述,以及对所涉及的主要已知分子机制的详细评估。在这方面,特别关注全球分子谱研究。此外,还展望了高剂量维生素 C 在癌症治疗中的未来影响,并讨论了进一步研究的建议。临床环境中的无毒癌症治疗。在这篇综述中,我们提供了使用高剂量 IVC 作为抗癌剂的临床前和临床研究的详细概述,以及对所涉及的主要已知分子机制的详细评估。在这方面,特别关注全球分子谱研究。此外,还展望了高剂量维生素 C 在癌症治疗中的未来影响,并讨论了进一步研究的建议。临床环境中的无毒癌症治疗。在这篇综述中,我们提供了使用高剂量 IVC 作为抗癌剂的临床前和临床研究的详细概述,以及对所涉及的主要已知分子机制的详细评估。在这方面,特别关注全球分子谱研究。此外,还展望了高剂量维生素 C 在癌症治疗中的未来影响,并讨论了进一步研究的建议。