韩启德：
第一个问题，高血压是疾病吗？
当时全场几乎人都举起了手，我说不是，疾病是指人体在一定条件下，由致病因素所引起的有一定表现的病理过程。此时，人体正常生理过程遭到破坏，表现为对外界环境变化的适应能力降低、劳动能力受到限制或丧失，并出现一系列临床症状。因为疾病不仅要有前面的条件，必须要有劳动能力受到限制或者丧失，并且出现了一系列临床症状而大多数高血压病人没有这些，因此不是疾病，是危险因素。
------------------------------------高血压是不是病呢？
美国心脏协会（AHA）：High blood pressure, or hypertension, is a disease.
（俺就崇洋媚外了，你如果说俺就请先留了辫子，换上马褂；或者裹了小脚, 再来骂俺）
（http://www.heart.org/HEARTORG/Conditions/HighBloodPressure/AboutHighBloodPressure/About-High-Blood-Pressure_UCM_002050_Article.jsp）
如果肥胖都可以被视为病，高血压反而不是，那就让人感到有些标新立异了。
都要成国家领导人了还学标题党的伎俩，唉。。。
那么高血压是disorder没问题吧？disorder和disease究竟有什么不同呢？下面这篇文章有点意思。
http://www.sireninteractive.com/sirensong/disease-versus-disorder-what%E2%80%99s-in-a-word/
Disease versus Disorder: What’s in a Word?
The terms “disease” and “disorder” are often used interchangeably. But a recent conversation among colleagues made me reflect on the use of these words and questioned if there actually is a difference.
NORD doesn’t seem to make the distinction, as seen from the definition of rare disorders listed on their website:
What is A Rare Disorder?
A rare or “orphan” disease affects fewer than 200,000 people in the United States. There are more than 6,000 rare disorders that, taken together, affect approximately 25 million Americans.
The definitions are not clearly differentiated in Dorland’s medical dictionary:
- Disease: a definite pathological process having a characteristic set of signs and symptoms. It may affect the whole body or any of its parts, and its etiology, pathology, and prognosis may be known or unknown. See also illness, mal, sickness, and syndrome.
- Disorder: a derangement or abnormality of function; a morbid physical or mental state.
It turns out people in the online community are curious as well and are asking for proper terminology via forums and chat rooms. After reading through threads, I’ve noticed that those who do recognize a distinction often describe that a disease is due to extrinsic factors (e.g., virus, bacteria) and a disorder is due to intrinsic abnormalities (e.g., birth defects, genetic malfunction). Do you agree?
Whether or not this designation is accurate, distinctions are definitely made in certain contexts. It’s Parkinson disease, not Parkinson disorder; sleep disorder, not sleep disease. And if you think about it, “heart disease” does have a slightly different connotation from “heart disorder”. For example, a blocked artery can lead to heart disease, whereas an inherently defective heart valve might be classified under heart disorder. Then again, maybe that’s just me.
You say disorder, I say disease. Tomato, tomahto. Whatever you call it, at least one thing’s for sure—they both share the same goal, which is to prevent it, manage it, treat it and/or find a cure.
What do you think? Do you consider disorder and disease synonymous? Or do you think there are apparent differences? I’d love to hear your thoughts in the section below.
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