诊断糖尿病的几种方法:
1.fasting plasma glucose (FPG) test(空腹血糖检查)---简便但有时不准确,需重测一次或做OGTT。见
Table 1.
2.oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT)(口服葡萄糖耐量试验)---空腹至少八小时,喝75克的葡萄糖水,两小时后测血糖。见
Table 2.
3.random plasma glucose test(also called a casual plasma glucose test)(随机血糖检查):≥ 200 mg/dL,加上“多尿、多饮(渴)、不明体重下降、疲劳、视力模糊、饥饿、伤口不易愈合等症状”,医生会通知再测FPG/OGTT以确诊。
4.A1C test(also called glycated hemoglobin, glycosylated hemoglobin, hemoglobin A1C and HbA1c test)
---is a common blood test used to diagnose prediabetes,type 1 and type 2 diabetes and to later gauge how well you're managing your diabetes.不需空腹,检测前可吃可喝。检测过去2-3个月内血糖的平均水平,用于诊断,也是血糖控制好坏的评定指标。见
Table 3.
Table 1. FPG test
Plasma Glucose Result (mg/dL) | Diagnosis |
99 or below | Normal |
100 to 125 | Pre-diabetes (impaired fasting glucose) |
126 or above | Diabetes* |
*Confirmed by repeating the test on a different day.
People with a fasting glucose level of 100 to 125 milligrams per deciliter (mg/dL) have a form of pre-diabetes called impaired fasting glucose (IFG). Having IFG means a person has an increased risk of developing type 2 diabetes but does not have it yet. A level of 126 mg/dL or above, confirmed by repeating the test on another day, means a person has diabetes.
Table 2. OGTT
2-Hour Plasma Glucose Result (mg/dL) | Diagnosis |
139 and below | Normal |
140 to 199 | Pre-diabetes (impaired glucose tolerance) |
200 and above | Diabetes* |
*Confirmed by repeating the test on a different day.
Table 3. A1C test
A1C level | Diagnosis |
4.5 % to 6 % | Normal |
6% and 6.5 % | Pre-diabetes (impaired glucose tolerance) |
higher than 7 % | Diabetes* |
If your A1C level is higher than 7 percent,
your doctor may recommend a change in your diabetes treatment plan.
Good luck!