https://www.sinovision.net/society/202407/00546466.htm
https://www.bankrate.com/retirement/best-and-worst-states-for-retirement/
美国中文网报道 根据一项最新排名，美国最适合退休的州也是最小的州之一。
被称为“第一州”的特拉华州在可负担能力、高质量医疗健保、整体福祉和其他类别方面得分很高，在Bankrate的美国最宜退休州年度排名中名列榜首。2023年，该州排名第二，仅次于爱荷华州。
Bankrate分析师盖利（Alex Gailey）在接受CBS新闻采访时表示:“虽然你可能不认为特拉华州是一个典型的退休天堂，但它对退休人员来说有很多强有力的卖点。”
Bankrate根据五个关键指标对各州进行了排名，包括可负担能力、整体福祉、医疗健保、天气和犯罪率。鉴于可负担性对大多数退休人员的重要性，它较其他类别所占权重更大，占每个州总分的40%.剩余类别中，福祉占25%，高质量医疗健保占20%，天气占10%，犯罪占5%.
盖利说：“由于可负担能力的指标，特拉华州从第二名上升到第一名。随着生活成本的不断上涨，最能反映经济状况的它所占权重最大。”
事实上，自2019年以来，食品价格大幅上涨，美国人在食品上的支出占收入的比例达到了30年来的最高水平。根据CoreLogic 6月份的一份分析报告，房价从2023年4月到2024年4月上涨了5.3%.最新的通胀数据则显示，6月份汽车保险价格同比上涨了19.5%.
美国人还表示，他们的退休储蓄远远不够。保德信金融(Prudential Financial)的《2024年美国退休人员脉搏调查》(2024 Pulse of the American retirement Survey)发现，55岁的员工中，只有五分之一的人有44.7万元或更多的退休储蓄。另一项关于X世代退休准备的研究发现，一半的受访者表示，他们需要一个“奇迹”才能退休。
虽然特拉华州的生活成本高于全国平均水平，但该州在其他负担能力指标上得分很高。例如，它没有州或地方销售税，居民不必为社会保障福利缴纳所得税。
该州的族裔和民族多样性以及62岁及以上居民的高比例也帮助它跻身Bankrate榜单的第一位。该州还为居民提供高质量的医疗健保——这是许多退休人员考虑的一个关键因素。
盖利指出：“获得高质量的医疗健保对退休非常重要，因为这是最大的支出之一。”
由于消费水平低廉，西维吉尼亚、乔治亚、南卡和密苏里都跻身榜单前五。
这份榜单同样列出了最不宜退休的州，阿拉斯加排名垫底。盖利说，该州排名较低的原因是几乎所有指标的得分都很低。
值得注意的是，纽约州排在倒数第二，华盛顿州倒数第三，加州则位列倒数第四，这些州都因生活成本过高而被视为最不宜退休。
盖利表示：“这些州的共同点是，它们的生活成本都很高。退休后，你有固定的收入，看到你的退休储蓄减少，会让你感到不安和压力。”
Best and worst states to retire in 2024
Bankrate’s annual Best and Worst States to Retire Study found that Delaware is the best state for retirees in 2024, followed by West Virginia (2), Georgia (3), South Carolina (4) and Missouri (5).
Delaware moved from second to first place this year, and Iowa — our No. 1 state last year — dropped to ninth place. Iowa lost ground mainly due to lower scores in the affordability category, which makes up 40 percent of the ranking. The cost of living, property taxes and homeowners insurance have all risen in Iowa since last year.
??In our overall ranking, the best and worst states for retirees are split geographically. The Midwest and the South claim the top five states, while the Northeast and West claim the bottom five states for a second year in a row, primarily because of the differences in cost of living.
Best and worst states to retire in 2024
| Top 5 | Bottom 5 |
|---|---|
| 1. Delaware | 50. Alaska |
| 2. West Virginia | 49. New York |
| 3. Georgia | 48. Washington |
| 4. South Carolina | 47. California |
| 5. Missouri | 46. North Dakota |
Top 5 states for retirees in 2024
Delaware landed in the top spot for the best state to retire in this year. The First State isn’t typically thought of as a retirement haven, but it has many strong selling points for retirees.
Delaware is a tax-friendly state for retirees. It doesn’t have state or local sales tax, and it doesn’t tax Social Security benefits. It also has lower property taxes relative to the rest of the country, averaging roughly $1,939 annually, according to ATTOM data. The state ranks well for racial and ethnic diversity, arts and entertainment establishments per 100,000 residents and overall well-being. Compared to its population, it also has a high share of residents who are 62 and older. Earthquakes, tornados, and hurricanes are also rare, and the climate is temperate. The state’s weaker spots are its cost of living, crime, and cost of health care.
While Delaware is a pricier state to live in, it scores well in all other affordability metrics we considered in the ranking: property taxes, combined state and local sales tax and homeowners insurance. The remaining top five best states to retire are:
2. West Virginia: This small state boasts the best affordability in the nation, based on a low cost of living, low property taxes and affordable homeowners insurance. The state fell in the middle of the pack for wellness. However, it scored the worst of all the states in the quality and cost of health care category due to high health care costs, poor health system performance and fewer health care establishments per 100,000 residents in the state.
3. Georgia: The Peach State has become significantly more affordable since last year, pushing it up from 15th place to third place on our ranking. That’s primarily because Georgia’s cost of living in Georgia has come down significantly, and average homeowners insurance premiums have dropped slightly. The quality and cost of health care in Georgia improved slightly, but overall well-being and crime scores remained poor this year.
4. South Carolina: South Carolina is another Sun Belt surprise that scored higher on affordability this year compared to 2023, pushing it up from 19th place to fourth place in our ranking. It scored well in the weather category and fell in the middle of pack for overall well-being and quality and cost of health care. However, it suffered in one key category: crime.
5. Missouri: Fifth-place Missouri shines for affordability, ranking well for cost of living and property taxes. Affordability carries a 40 percent weight in the ranking, which is why we see Missouri ranked high on our list. However, this state struggles with its quality of health care, overall well-being, crime and natural disasters.
Bottom 5 states for retirees in 2024
Several pricey Western and Northeastern states landed in the bottom five this year. Alaska held last place has been ranked the worst for the second consecutive year. The state was dragged down by back-of-the-pack scores in affordability, quality and cost of health care, weather and crime. The remaining four worst states for retirement were:
- New York (49)
- Washington (48)
- California (47)
- North Dakota (46)
