so both can make each $5,000 if combined AGI is less than $169,0

for one having retirement plan and the spouse does not have, which you mentioned as talbe 2 senario.

But I was told that the coverd one can make $5,000 only if combined AGI is <9,000, or partion of $5,000 if combbined AGI is b/t $9,000 and $110,000. The uncoved spouse can make full $5,000 as long as combined AGI is <169,000.

Many thanks.