2. you are fresh phd. So far not contributed to critical path.
you asked for promotion and was delayed. I think it is justified based on the 2 points above.
What you need to do is to make a product out of your project. Then your boss will have a different opinion of your value. Also, get involved in main projects. As sigma said fresh phd always makes mistakes about what is valued in industry. You need to change your mindset.