【研究】坐过山车能有效排出肾结石
坐过山车有益健康也有科学依据了
2016/10/16 11:25
一项最新研究显示，排出让人痛苦的肾结石可能只需要坐过山车那么简单。
来自密歇根州立大学的研究人员称，坐过山车排出肾结石的成功率达70%。
这项研究的领头人David Wartinger表示，他最初是听很多人说坐完过山车之后排出了肾结石，
于是对这件事非常好奇。
“有一些病人告诉我，他们在迪士尼乐园坐了过山车之后体内的一粒肾结石就排出去了”， Wartinger说道。“甚至还有一位患者说他在坐了多次过山车之后排出去3粒结石。”
为了检验他们说的话是不是真的，Wartinger制作了一个“用于验证的3D空心肾模型，里面有3粒小于4毫米的肾结石”。
他把模型放入背包，之后这个背包坐了20次奥兰多迪士尼巨雷山的过山车。
“在这个探索性研究中，坐在过山车最后一排排出肾结石的成功率为64%，而坐在头几排只有16%”，Wartinger说道。
不是所有过山车都有效
在接下来的研究中，多位研究者带着多个肾模型坐了同一趟过山车。坐在过山车靠后的位置时，排出结石的成功率达到70%。
研究人员还表示，如果结石位于肾模型的上部，则排出的几率为100%。
然而不是所有过山车都有同样的效果。
“总的来说，我们用了174个不同形状、尺寸和重量的肾模型，来看是不是每个模型都能在上面提到的过山车和其他两个过山车排出肾结石”，Wartinger说道。“巨雷山过山车是唯一有效的一个。我们还尝试了‘飞越太空山’和史密斯飞船的摇滚过山车，都失败了。”
Wartinger表示其他的过山车都“太快太猛”，会使得结石钉在肾脏上。
“最理想的过山车是比较颠簸的，速度快的，有一些翻滚和转弯，但是没有头朝下的动作”，他说道。
美国每年约有30万人因为肾结石进急诊室。
鼓励每年都坐过山车
肾结石一个常见的治疗方式是碎石，把较大的结石打碎，但是Wartinger表示这可能会导致出现更多的结石。
“问题在于碎石会在肾脏内留下残余部分，而这可能导致另一块结石出现”，Wartinger说道。“阻止这个潜在情况发生的最好的办法就是在碎石治疗之后去坐过山车，在那些残余部分还比较小的时候。”
Wartinger还表示，每年都坐过山车可以预防肾结石变大。
“当然了，你要注意坐过山车前的那些警告提示”，他建议道，“如果你有肾结石，但是身体其他方面都很健康，符合乘坐过山车的要求，那病人确实应该试一试。这是一种成本非常低的替代治疗方案。”
该研究发表在美国骨科协会的杂志上。
（译者：王梦尧；编辑：陈升龙）
原文如下：
A new study claims riding a roller coaster can help pass painful kidney stones.
Passing a painful kidney stone may be as simple as taking a ride on a roller coaster, according to new research.
Researchers from Michigan State University say riding helps patients pass the stones with a 70 percent success rate.
David Wartinger, who led the study, says he was initially intrigued after hearing many stories of people who’d passed stones after a roller coaster ride.
“Basically, I had patients telling me that after riding a particular roller coaster at Walt Disney World, they were able to pass their kidney stone,” Wartinger said. “I even had one patient say he passed three different stones after riding multiple times.”
To test whether these claims were true, Wartinger used “a validated, synthetic 3D model of a hollow kidney complete with three kidney stones no larger than 4 millimeters inserted into the replica.”
He then placed the model into a backpack, which was then put on the Big Thunder Mountain roller coaster for 20 rides.
“In the pilot study, sitting in the last car of the roller coaster showed about a 64 percent passage rate, while sitting in the first few cars only had a 16 percent success rate,” Wartinger said.
Not all coasters equal
In an expanded study, multiple researchers rode the same ride with multiple kidney models. When sitting in the back of the roller coaster, the success rate of passing the stones was 70 percent.
Stones located in the upper chamber of the model kidney were passed at a 100 percent, researchers said.
Not all roller coasters appeared equally effective, however.
“In all, we used 174 kidney stones of varying shapes, sizes and weights to see if each model worked on the same ride and on two other roller coasters,” Wartinger said. “Big Thunder Mountain was the only one that worked. We tried Space Mountain and Aerosmith’s Rock ‘n’ Roller Coaster and both failed.”
Wartinger said the other rides were “too fast and too violent,” and caused the stones to be pinned to the side of the kidney.
“The ideal coaster is rough and quick with some twists and turns, but no upside down or inverted movements,” he said.
Around 300,000 people in the United States go to the emergency room with kidney stones each year.
Annual ride encouraged
One common treatment, lithotripsy, breaks up larger stones, but Wartinger says that can often lead to more stones.
“The problem, though, is lithotripsy can leave remnants in the kidney which can result in another stone,” Wartinger said. “The best way to potentially eliminate this from happening is to try going on a roller coaster after a treatment when the remnants are still small.”
Wartinger said that a yearly ride on a coaster could even prevent stones from developing.
“You need to heed the warnings before going on a roller coaster,” he advised. “If you have a kidney stone, but are otherwise healthy and meet the requirements of the ride, patients should try it. It’s definitely a lower cost alternative to health care.”
The study was published in The Journal of the American Osteopathic Association.
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