REPORT:
Result: In the lumbar spine, the integrated bone mineral density is 0.842
gm/cm2 with a T-score of -1.9 and a Z-score of -0.7. The WHO
classification is osteopenia and the fracture risk is increased (moderate).
In the left hip, the integrated bone mineral density is 0.815 gm/cm2 with a
T-score of -1.0 and a Z-score of -0.3. T-score for the left femoral neck
is -1.6 with a Z-score of -0.5. The WHO classification is osteopenia,
based on femoral neck measurement, and the fracture risk is increased
(moderate).
In the right hip, the integrated bone mineral density is 0.802 gm/cm2 with
a T-score of -1.1 and a Z-score of minus 0.4. T-score for the right
femoral neck is -1.7 with a Z-score of -0.6. The WHO classification is
osteopenia and the fracture risk is increased (moderate).
FRAX score: Based on overall risk factors, this patient has a 10 year
fracture risk of 3.5% for major osteoporotic fracture and a 10 year
fracture risk of 0.3% for hip fracture. Fracture probability may be lower
if the patient has received treatment.
It is important to compare a patient's bone mineral density to the healthy
young adult (T-score) and not only to the age adjusted average values (Z-
score) since the T-score is the value indicative of future fracture risk.
Fracture risk increases two to three-fold for every standard deviation (T-
value) decrease from normal.
All treatment decisions require clinical judgement and consideration of
individual patient factors, including patient preferences,
comorbidities, previous drug use and risk factors not captured in the FRAX
model (for example: frailty, falls, vitamin-D deficiency, increased bone
turnover, interval significant decline in BMD).
IMPRESSION:
Fracture risk in lumbar spine is increased (moderate) and fracture risk in
the hips is increased (moderate). Please see FRAX score.
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