WHO在2月4日"世界抗癌日"发布：每周150分钟的锻炼可降低乳癌和肠癌的风险

新的身体活动指导可有助于减少乳腺癌和结肠癌的风险

http://www.who.int/mediacentre/news/notes/2011/world_cancer_day_20110204/zh/index.html

向媒体提供的简讯

2011年2月4日 - 据世卫组织今天在世界癌症日发表的新的《关于身体活动有益健康的全球建议》说，每周从事150分钟的中等强度身体活动可减少乳腺癌和结肠癌的风险。

“身体活动对降低某种癌症的发病率具有很重要的作用”，世卫组织主管非传染性疾病和精神卫生的助理总干事Ala Alwan博士说。“缺乏身体活动是造成全球所有死亡的第四大高危因素，而31%的世界人口不能积极参与身体活动。”

在2008年，近46万妇女死于乳腺癌，而且近61万男子和妇女死于结肠直肠癌。¹

建议开展身体活动

新的建议提出，年龄在18岁及以上的人每周至少从事150分钟的中等强度有氧身体活动可减少非传染性疾病的风险，包括乳腺癌和直肠癌、糖尿病以及心脏病。对5-17岁的人来说，每天至少60分钟的中等强度到高强度身体活动可保护其健康，并从而减少这些疾病的风险。

缺乏活动的情况加剧

在许多国家中，缺乏身体活动的情况日趋严重，对这些癌症以及心血管病和糖尿病等其它非传染性疾病产生重大影响。缺乏身体活动涉及到以下情况：

• 每年320万例死亡，包括低收入和中等收入国家中的260万例；
• 超过67万例过早死亡（年龄为60岁以下的人）；
• 约30%的糖尿病和缺血性心脏病负担。

引起癌症的其它因素

国际社会还必须注重于研究引起癌症的其它因素。国际癌症研究机构（IARC），即世卫组织的癌症专门机构，正在带头努力研究癌症的高危因素。

IARC主任Chris Wild教授说：“缺乏身体活动是非传染性疾病的一种高危因素，是可以改变的，因此对公共卫生具有重大潜在意义。改变身体活动水平在个人以及社会层面上都造成挑战。”

世界癌症日

世界癌症日是国际癌症控制联盟（UICC）在2005年发起的。今年的世界癌症日是在2011年9月19-20日联合国大会关于预防和控制癌症以及三种其它最致命类型的非传染性疾病（心血管病、慢性呼吸道疾病和糖尿病）的高级别会议之前。这四种疾病造成全球60%以上的死亡，相当于每年3500多万例死亡。

UICC主席Eduardo Cazap博士说：“联合国非传染性疾病问题峰会是一次历史性的机会，以便使政府承诺实施规划防范成百万人因癌症及其它慢性病遭受痛苦和死亡。非传染性疾病正在急剧增多，尤其是在占死亡人数近80%的发展中国家。可悲的是，生活方式的改变，例如减少身体活动，正在使人们丧失健康并从而易于发生癌症等疾病。”

提出身体活动建议，部分是为了向世卫组织会员国提供必要的依据基础，以便制定用于促进良好健康的身体活动规划的政策。多数国家，尤其是低收入和中等收入国家，没有国家身体活动指导方针。

在世界范围内，肺癌、乳腺癌、胃癌、肝癌和结肠直肠癌每年造成的癌症死亡最多。在2008年，所有癌症死亡大多数发生在较不发达地区，而且如不采取行动，这种情况在未来数十年中预计将更加严重。

向编辑提供的说明

癌症是世界范围内继心血管疾病之后的第二大死亡原因。关于癌症起因的知识以及预防和管理该病的干预措施很广泛。通过为癌症预防、早期发现和癌症患者管理实施以证据为基础的战略，可减少和控制癌症。

癌症高危因素包括：

• 使用烟草；
• 乙型肝炎病毒（肝癌）和人乳头瘤病毒（宫颈癌）等病毒的慢性感染；
• 身体超重或肥胖；
• 辐射；
• 某些饮食因素；
• 缺乏身体活动；
• 有害使用酒精；
• 接触某些职业风险；
• 环境中的各种化学品。

已有避免高危因素的预防战略，包括2008-2013年预防和控制非传染性疾病全球战略行动计划。

其它相关战略包括：

• 关于身体活动有益健康的全球建议
• 烟草控制框架公约
• 减少有害使用酒精全球战略
• 饮食、身体活动与健康全球战略。

其它预防性战略包括：针对人乳头瘤病毒（HPV）和乙肝病毒（HBV）的疫苗接种，这两种病毒分别是宫颈癌和肝癌的主要起因；控制职业和环境危害以及避免过度暴露于阳光之下。

媒体联络人

世界卫生组织
通讯联络官员
Paul Garwood
电话：[phone]
电子邮件：[e-mail]

世界卫生组织国际癌症研究机构
Nicolas Gaudin
手机：[phone]
电子邮件：[e-mail]

 

在线问答：全世界癌症病例数正在增加或减少？

 

英文: Physical activity can help reduce risk of some cancers

New physical activity guidance can help reduce risk of breast, colon cancers

Note for the media

4 February 2011 - Undertaking 150 minutes a week of moderate physical activity can reduce the risk of breast and colon cancers, according to the new Global Recommendations on Physical Activity for Health released by WHO today on World Cancer Day.

"Physical activity has a strong role to play in reducing the incidence of certain cancers," says Dr Ala Alwan, WHO's Assistant Director-General for Noncommunicable Diseases and Mental Health. "Physical inactivity is the fourth leading risk factor for all global deaths, with 31% of the world's population not physically active."

In 2008, almost 460 000 females died from breast cancer, while close to 610 000 males and females died from colorectal cancer.¹

Physical activity recommended

The new recommendations advise that at least 150 minutes of moderate intensity aerobic physical activity throughout the week for people aged 18 and over can reduce the risk of noncommunicable diseases, including breast and colon cancers, diabetes and heart disease. For 5–17 year-olds, at least 60 minutes of moderate to vigorous intensity physical activity can protect their health and, in turn, reduce the risk of these diseases.

Increase in inactivity

Physical inactivity is increasing in many countries and has major implications for these cancers, along with other noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) such as cardiovascular diseases and diabetes. Physical inactivity is associated with:

• 3.2 million deaths per year, including 2.6 million in low- and middle-income countries;
• over 670 000 premature deaths (people aged under 60 years);
• around 30% of diabetes and ischaemic heart disease burden.

Other factors contributing to cancer

The international community must also place focus on research for additional factors contributing to cancer. The International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), the specialized cancer agency of WHO, is leading efforts into studying cancer risk factors.

Professor Chris Wild, Director of IARC, says: "Physical inactivity is one risk factor for noncommunicable diseases, which is modifiable and therefore of great potential public health significance. Changing the level of physical activity raises challenges for the individual but also at societal level."

World Cancer Day

World Cancer Day was initiated in 2005 by the Union for International Cancer Control (UICC). It falls this year in the lead-up to 19–20 September 2011, United Nations General Assembly High-level Meeting on the Prevention and Control of cancers and the three other deadliest types of noncommunicable diseases (cardiovascular diseases, chronic respiratory diseases and diabetes). These four diseases cause more than 60% of all global deaths, equivalent to more than 35 million annually.

Dr Eduardo Cazap, President of the UICC, says: "The UN NCDs summit is a historic opportunity to establish governmental commitment on implementing programmes that will prevent millions of people suffering and dying from cancer and other chronic diseases. NCDs are dramatically increasing, particularly in developing countries where nearly 80% of deaths occur. Sadly, changing ways of life, such as reduced physical activity, are making people unhealthier and, in turn, prone to such diseases as cancer."

The physical activity recommendations were produced, in part, to provide WHO Member States with the evidence base needed to make policies for physical activity programmes to promote good health. Most countries, particularly low- and middle-income, do not have national physical activity guidelines.

Worldwide, lung, breast, stomach, liver and colorectal cancers cause the most cancer deaths each year. The majority of all cancer deaths occurred in less developed regions in 2008 and without action this is expected to increase in coming decades.

Notes for the editor

Cancer is the second leading cause of death worldwide after cardiovascular diseases. Knowledge about the causes of cancer, and interventions to prevent and manage the disease is extensive. Cancer can be reduced and controlled by implementing evidence-based strategies for cancer prevention, early detection and management of patients with cancer.

Risk factors for cancer include:

• tobacco use;
• chronic infections with viruses such as hepatitis B (liver cancer) and human papilloma (cervical cancer);
• being overweight or obese;
• radiation;
• some dietary factors;
• physical inactivity;
• harmful use of alcohol;
• some occupational exposures;
• various environmental chemicals.

Prevention strategies exist to avoid risk factors, including the 2008-2013 Action Plan for the Global Strategy for the Prevention and Control of Noncommunicable Diseases.

Other related strategies include:

• the Global Recommendations on Physical Activity for Health
• the Framework Convention on Tobacco Control
• the Global Strategy to Reduce the Harmful use of Alcohol
• the Global Strategy on Diet, Physical Activity and Health.

Other prevention strategies include vaccination against human papilloma virus (HPV) and hepatitis B virus (HBV), which are major causes of cervical and liver cancer respectively; control of occupational and environmental hazards and avoidance of excessive exposure to sunlight.

Media contacts

Paul Garwood
Communications officer
World Health Organization
Telephone: [phone]
E-mail: [e-mail]

Nicolas Gaudin
World Health Organization IARC
Mobile: [phone]
E-mail: [e-mail]

 

在线问答：全世界癌症病例数正在增加或减少？

 

 

 

所有跟帖： 

• 谢谢信息，把致癌风险因素翻译一下 -dudaan- ♂ (209 bytes) () 02/07/2011 postreply 20:53:58

• 谢谢!刚加了整篇的中文译文在贴里.晚安! -闽姑- ♀ (0 bytes) () 02/07/2011 postreply 21:21:30

• 晚安! -dudaan- ♂ (0 bytes) () 02/07/2011 postreply 21:36:52

• 谢谢! 是应该锻炼. -TBz- ♂ (0 bytes) () 02/07/2011 postreply 23:16:06

• 再次印证了“生命在于运动” -jck6- ♀ (0 bytes) () 02/08/2011 postreply 02:40:06

• 好的转贴.最好的方法是把医疗保险费和体育锻炼联系起来.就像车保险一样,开车 -weston- ♀ (207 bytes) () 02/08/2011 postreply 11:01:21

• 真的是好贴！赞一个 -knowNothing999- ♀ (0 bytes) () 02/10/2011 postreply 17:54:07