目前的基督教和很多基督徒充满了对基督原意的误解。让我们来看看基督强调的是什么:
Mark 12:29-34 we have a scribe asking Jesus, “Which is the first commandment of all?" Jesus answered him, "The first of all the commandments is: 'Hear, O Israel, the LORD our God, the LORD is one. 'And you shall love the LORD your God with all your heart, with all your soul, with all your mind, and with all your strength.' This is the first commandment. And the second, like it, is this: 'You shall love your neighbor as yourself.' There is no other commandment greater than these." So the scribe said to Him, "Well said, Teacher. You have spoken the truth, for there is one God, and there is no other but He. And to love Him with all the heart, with all the understanding, with all the soul, and with all the strength, and to love one's neighbor as oneself, is more than all the whole burnt offerings and sacrifices." Now when Jesus saw that he answered wisely, He said to him, "You are not far from the kingdom of God.”
看到了没有?除了爱上帝,第二就是爱人。他没有区分人种,人的阶层和职位,凡是人都要爱。像爱自己一般。
In the Sermon on the Mount in the Gospel of Matthew, Jesus says:
You have heard that it was said, 'An eye for an eye, and a tooth for a tooth.' But I tell you, do not resist an evil person. If someone strikes you on the right cheek, turn to him the other also. And if someone wants to sue you and take your tunic, let him have your cloak as well. If someone forces you to go one mile, go with him two miles. Give to the one who asks you, and do not turn away from the one who wants to borrow from you.—Matthew 5:38-42, NIV看看,基督说的再清楚没有了:不要以牙还牙,以眼还眼,不要和恶人对抗。当有人打你右脸,你有送上左脸给他打。何等的谦卑!这种原谅,就是真正的力量。世上的众人不理解。以为谦卑是一种软弱。其实谦卑就是最大的力量。原谅,爱,和谦卑其实就是一回事,一个属性的不同名称。
没有原谅,不可能理解真正的爱。反之,有了对人的爱,可能不原谅吗?当人真正体会到了爱,谦卑自然而生。
可惜,世上有很多很多人自称是基督徒,有几个真正理解基督的绝对谦卑?少的可怜。基督讲的再清楚不过了,不要和恶人对抗。如果有人逼你和他走一个英里,你就开开心心和他走2个英里。如果有人要问你借东西,不要回绝,就开开心心地借给他。如果有人要你的内衣,你就把内衣和外套一起给他。
现在世上多的是自以为是的“基督徒”,但几个理解了基督精神?
我们再看看,基督的这些话,和佛陀的有什么两样,都是绝对的谦卑和善良,对他人绝对的平等和友爱,这个爱当然包括对所谓“敌人”的爱。
在基督眼里,是没有敌人的。
佛陀也说过,每个人都是未来的佛,都有佛心(BUDDA NATURE)。
基督,和佛陀教导我们的,就是:任何恶到了你面前,就灭了。你的原谅,爱,谦卑是消灭恶因最强大的力量。
没有真正理解基督,才说“基督徒和基督教会恰恰应该为捍卫人的尊严和自由而战。”
基督的原意早被后人误解或曲解了。基督从来没有说“应该为捍卫人的尊严和自由而战”之类的话。都是不理解基督的后人盲目强加的。基督清楚地教导大家,不要和恶人对抗。他要你的东西,你就给他。
可惜,基督教作为一个宗教团体,已经把基督的原意严重曲解,什么十字军东征,长达千年对不同意见者的INQUISITION的白色恐怖,已经成为人压迫人的组织。
基督可没有要他的学生建立宗教和教条,他只是在道德行为上给人们启发。
如果基督要你维护人的“尊严”,他会要你献上自己脸给别人打吗?他会要你把自己的所有衣物无偿给人家吗?他会要你不对恶人对抗吗?
基督从来没有要人为任何事物而战。如果他要战,他就不会乖乖地被人押上十字架了。基督教导的就是宽恕,自我牺牲,平等的爱,无条件地爱。
一个字:谦卑和无条件的爱和宽容。
我们来看看佛陀是怎样解释人生的吧:
佛的真正意思是,人根本就是一个相(FORM),并不是真正存在的。为什么人会出生?因为这个真正的自我(THE SELF)产生了思想(THOUGHT),以为自己不拥有一切,以为自己是个肉体,以为自己是个和周围分离的个体,好比一个人晚上睡觉,开始做梦,梦见一个自己在梦境中活动。但在梦中,这个梦中的自己是很难发现自己不过是床上真我创造出来的虚幻投影。我们人生就是这样,不断地被这个投影迷惑,以为EGO是自己,以为肉体就是真的存在。因为这样的迷惑,人就会不断地行动,制造各种因(CAUSE),然后,就必须面对这许多因造成的果。因为EGO很迷惑,不断造因,就不断积累,这生完不了,下生继续。
所有,这个梦没完没了的做。
但那个真正的我(你可以说他就是上帝,虽然不太确切),什么也没做,什么地方也没走。一旦梦醒后,宛然一笑,原来一切都是个梦。
这就是佛陀说的,人只要醒悟了,就是一切的一切了。
醒悟是一种追求吗?斗争吗?不是!!
因为不管你醒悟不醒悟,你从来就是那个做梦的人,什么也没做,那也没去。
所有,人和上帝和什么区别?就在于人(EGO)忘了他真正的自己,把梦中的个体当真。
这样的话,痛苦就产生了。
基督远远没有佛陀介绍的清楚,不是基督不懂,而是当时以色列地区的百姓教育程度比较低,他很难想佛陀那样从很深的哲理上述说,为了方便起见,主要要大家知道有一个“上帝”,然后不断提醒,这个上帝就在你里面。其他,就要大家不杀生,对别人的爱就像对自己的爱,绝对的谦卑和忍耐。
下面是印度圣人RAMANA MAHARSHI经典,他可以说是近代的佛,解释的很清楚:
When we see our self, there is no world; and when we lose sight of the self, we get ourselves bound in the world.
The self is like a pearl. To find it you must dive deep down into silence, deeper and ever deeper until it is reached.
The self is pure knowledge, pure delight where there is no duality.
The illuminated one who is happy in the peace of the self, without thought of the past and the future, and is like a mere witness of the present, has his knots of bondage cut.
He alone who has realized the self in the heart has known the Truth. Having transcended the dualities, he is never perplexed.
The self cannot be found in books. You have to find it for yourself, within yourself.
A self-realized man remains happy without being affected by false appearances, whereas the ignorant man is miserable.
Seek the source of the ego, abide there for ever in the source and find yourself in bliss.
That pure consciousness which is the reality, and which shines without a break, as "I AM" when the mind becomes calm, is the supreme bliss.
The enlightened one that has become one with the unchanging supreme consciousness, like a river that has become one with the ocean, takes birth no more in a body.
All actions, past, present and future, become extinct in the case of a liberated one, because his sense of being the doer is gone; it was lost along with the ego, who alone was the doer.
You can never find mind through the mind. Go beyond it, and find it non-existent.
How is it possible for the mind to know the Lord who imparts His light to the mind, and shines within the mind, except by turning the mind inward and fixing it on the Lord?
Self realization is cessation of thoughts and of all mental activity. Thoughts are like bubbles upon the surface of the sea.
Stillness means 'being free from thoughts' and yet aware.
Ramana Maharshi about the reality:
Q: Sri Bhagavan often says that maya [illusion] and reality are the same. How can that be?
A: Sankara was criticised for his views on maya without being understood. He said that
(1) Brahman is real,
(2) the universe is unreal, and
(3) The universe is Brahman.
He did not stop at the second, because the third explains the other two. It signifies that the universe is real if perceived as the Self, and unreal if perceived apart from the Self. Hence maya and reality are one and the same.
Q: So the world is not really illusory?
A: At the level of the spiritual seeker you have got to say that the world is an illusion. There is no other way. When a man forgets that he is Brahman, who is real, permanent and omnipresent, and deludes himself into thinking that he is a body in the universe which is filled with bodies that are transitory, and labours under that delusion, you have got to remind him that the world is unreal and a delusion. Why?
Because his vision which has forgotten its own Self is dwelling in the external, material universe. It will not turn inwards into introspection unless you impress on him that all this external, material universe is unreal. When once he realizes his own Self he will know that there is nothing other than his own Self and he will come to look upon the whole universe as Brahman. There is no universe without the Self.
So long as a man does not see the Self which is the origin of all, but looks only at the external world as real and permanent, you have to tell him that all this external universe is an illusion. You cannot help it.
Take a paper. We see only the script, and nobody notices the paper on which the script is written. The paper is there whether the script on it is there or not.To those who look upon the script as real, you have to say that it is unreal, an illusion, since it rests upon the paper. The wise man looks upon both the Paper and script as one. So also with Brahman and the universe.
Q: So the world is real when it is experienced as the Self and unreal when it is seen as separate names and forms?
A:Just as fire is obscured by smoke, the shining light of consciousness is obscured by the assemblage of names and forms,the world. When by compassionate divine grace the mind becomes clear, the nature of the world will be known to be not the illusory forms but only the reality.
Only those people whose minds are devoid of the evil power of maya, having given up the knowledge of the world and being unattached to it, and having thereby attained the knowledge of the self-shining supreme reality, can correctly know the meaning of the statement `The world is real.' If one's outlook has been transformed to the nature of real knowledge, the world of the five elements beginning with ether [akasa] will be real, being the supreme reality,which is the nature of knowledge.
The original state of this empty world,which is bewildering and crowded with many names and forms, is bliss, which is one, just as the egg-yolk of a multi-coloured peacock is only one. Know this truth by abiding in the state of Self.
Source: from Creation theories and the reality of the world chapter, from Be As You Are: The Teachings of Sri Ramana Maharshi,edited by David Godman
我来解释一下RAMANA的意思:
这个SELF(注意它是个大写的SELF,RAMANA特别用The Self表明),不是我们通常认为的个人自己(ego的self). 但是,人的自我(ego)在没有醒悟的时候,都认为自我是自己的肉体,脑子和意识。当人被小我(EGO)迷惑的时候,大我虽然在,但是看不到。
大我(THE SELF)永远是真正的你, 不需要去找。就像一个作梦的人一下清醒过来,发现刚才梦中如此逼真的“我”,其实不是真实的。真实的我,什么事也没做。这是一个比较好的比喻。人的小我(EGO)好比梦中的这个“我”,很逼真。当你梦醒以后,发现那个梦中的“我”也不是假的,是刚才梦到的,严格说,梦出来的也不算假的。
但是,RAMANA说,为了唤醒正在梦中的人,最好告诉他这一切都是假的,否则他怎能醒来? 但这样的说法,不真正意味着梦是假的,但不说假,就很难启发那个梦中的“我”。
但一旦你醒来了,就没必要说那个梦是假的。这个梦很真实,也是真正的我(THE SELF)做出了的。
没什么ENLIGHTENMENT阶段,因为那个真正的THE SELF,从来没有离开你,从来没有出生,也不会过世。你早已经ENLIGHTEN了,不过暂时不体会罢了。
最后,关于你问的问题“人找到了Self,就没有了世界,是指世界从你的感知中消失(物理性的)”,我要反问:你说的“我”,到底是谁? 当你搞清楚了,一切都清楚了。这些问题就不必要问了。
如果你希望了解更多,可以看这个录影:
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6o-71RBR-EU
注意:我本人不属于任何宗教团体。