1896年，几位传教士来到卫辉府（即现在的卫辉市）并扎根于此，传教和行医。
五年后，1901年在首任院长罗维灵的带领下，开始动工兴建博济医院。
1923 年，博济医院另改址扩建,更名为惠民医院。可以说，这两个院名奠定了新医一附院的行医理念——博济惠民。"博济医院"在行医的同时也开办有短期各科医士培训教育。
1950年,在原惠民医院、惠民医院护士学校、冀鲁豫卫生学校等组织办学的基础上，平原省医科学校成立。
http://legal.china.com.cn/2016-10/18/content_39514801.htm?
明义士旧居 1895年 安阳市北关区红星路39号
博济惠民医院旧址 1896—1920年 卫辉市健康路88号
http://www.xxmu.edu.cn/s/2/t/373/p/15/c/167/list.htm
janet whitelaw ? 1922年,加拿大传教士吉内特·维特立夫又在此兴办了四年制惠民医院护士学校,致力于培养现代医学护理人才。
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http://divinity-adhoc.library.yale.edu/Resources/Directories/1910_Directory.pdf
1910 directory of protestant missionaries in China
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劳海德 1904
The year 1904 saw a further increase in our .staff through the coming of Rev. J. A. and Mrs. Mowatt and Rev. A. W. and Mrs. Lochead. In the same year the greater J*„ part of our Mission compound at Hwaikinefu, con- the Old. h F & sisting of five residences, a hospital and hospital chapel, was completed. During the year 1905, Mis> K. MacLennan. B.A.. B graduate of Queen's University, Kingston, arrived on the field and was stationed at Weihweifu. With 1906. came much needed reinforcements for medical work. Dr. Malcolm had been compelled, through illness in his family, to with-draw from the field. Dr. and Mrs. W. J. Scott and Dr. O. S. McMurtry, Rev. A. and Mrs Thomson. Rev. Gillies and Mrs. Kadie, Miss M. Thomson S: and Miss E. * Later became Mrs. Bruce, CHRIST CONQUERING. 33
Korean Revival in 1907. During the winter of 1908, Mr. Goforth
was invited to conduct special meetings in Manchuria.
Another forward step was taken in 1908, by the opening of Taok'ou 道口 as one of our smaller stations. Messrs. Clark and Thomson were appointed to undertake the work there. In location is very convenient, it being situated at the starting point of the Taoch'ing Railwav and only thirty miles to the east of Weihweifu 卫辉府.
The year 1909 w 7 as probably one of the most eventful in the growth of our Mission, as it saw a great advance toward a fuller organization in the Chinese church. Dr. MacGillivray, of the Christian Literature Society, Shanghai, who had been so closely connected with the mission enterprise in Honan at its inception and during its early years, was present in the autumn to take part in the proceedings of Presbytery. He
afterwards visited the three larger stations, preached to united congregations of officials and students and conducted the services at the opening of the new church in Weihweifu.
1912. This has necessitated a large increase in expenditure for salaries, buildings, and equipment. The demand upon the home base, therefore, has risen from thirty-
five thousand dollars in 1909, to about eighty-six thousand and eighty dollars for 19 13. This is not a small sum, but the church has responded generously to the call. Many congregations and individuals are rejoicing in the fact that they have their own representatives in Honan, while individual gifts of large sums for special objects are becoming increasingly frequent. The great bulk of the revenue, however, has come through the ordinary channels of consecrated giving, and thus the work has not been hindered.
The opening of Wuan was made possible through the generous gift of twelve thousand dollars from Mrs. David Yuille of Montreal, supplemented later by au- Wuan, Yuille , .. r , . . ,, , , ,
^ other girt or ten thousand dollars to fouud the Donation. °
David Yuille Memorial Hospital. Land was pur- chased in 1910 and buildings for residence, evangelistic and medical purposes, were erected the following year. The main hospital building is yet to be erected. Three families are located there : Messrs. Bruce and Menzies for evangelistic work and Dr. McMurtry for medical. It was a great disappointment, both to Dr. Scott and to the mission, that he was compelled, on account of eye-trouble, to give up his position at that station and return to Canada.
The latest station to be opened is Hsiuwu, on the railroad, to which Rev. G. M. Ross has been appointed. He is living with his family in rented quarters there. A committee has been appointed to purchase land and make what arrangements are necessary for the erection of buildings. Should any individual desire to undertake the support of this station, he could not well find a better investment for his money. Thus, by the establishment of three new stations, better supervision of the field and more concentration of effort are obtained.
In this connection, we would gratefully acknowledge other large gifts received, viz.: Five thousand dollars from Mrs. Mary A. Maxwell of Peterborough, for the erection and equipment of the High and Normal School ; three thousand dollars from Rosedale congregation, Toronto, for the erection of a church building at Weihweifu ; one thousand dollars from Mrs. Wm. McClure of Weihwei, for building purposes ; over eighteen hundred dollars from Mr. W. L,. limes of Simcoe, Ontario, which was used partly to defray the expenses of a widespread evangelistic campaign throughout the field, and partly to aid in the erection of the "school for missionaries' children ; ' ' one thousand dollars from Mr. Edward Cock-shutt of Brautford, in aid of this latter, and one thousand dollars from the Rev. Norman McPhee for a boys' school at Changte.
Other Donations. 38 CANADIAN PRESBYTERIAN MISSION While feeling the need of bending all our energies to the evangelization of North Honan proper, the Mission has never turned a deaf ear to urgent calls from other fields in special need. Famine, that dread foe, so terrible Famine Relief. and so devastating in its effect, has on several occasions, called for our special consideration. The failure of crops in some sections of our own field, in 1909, necessitated measures for the relief of the resulting misery and poverty among our Christians. The call to assist in famine-relief in Kiangsu province, in 1907, led to the sending of Mes Clark and Ross to that section for two months. Again, in 191 1, Dr. MaeKenzie and Mr. Clark responded to a similar appeal to assist in the distribution of food, in Hast Honan. near the border of Anhwei province. AX OPEN-AIR MEETING OF PRESBYTERY, SPRING iyio. The importance of special attention to students and young men generally, has long been felt by the members of the Mission. Tn 1907, an urgent call came from the Y. M. C. A. for a man to go to Japan to work among the thousands of Chinese students in that country. In response to this, Mr. Lochead was sent and for six months he and Mrs. L,ochead were thus engaged. The decrease in the Y. M. C. A. CONCENTRANION AND ORGANIZATION. 39 number of these students led Mr. Lochead to return, in the spring, to the regular work in Honan. Presbytery sent an appeal to the Foreign Mission Committee, for a man to reach the students throughout our three prefectures. Mr. Wheeler was sent out the following year for this purpose. He was temporarily located at Hwaiking, where an effort had already been made to get into touch with the student class. A Committee of Presbytery now has it as its duty, to make plans for the future of this undertaking and is desirous of finding a suitable young Chinese who may be specially trained to assist in it. The regular methods of carrying on evangelistic work are too well known to require any lengthy description in this report. Preaching to the heathen at fairs, Evangelistic. , . , _ . . , theatres, and on the streets of cities, towns and villages, as well as in rented buildings, has been regularly carried on by the missionaries, assisted by Chinese evangelists and other Christians. The strengthening of the spiritual life of the Christians, by station-classes, Sabbath Day services and emphasis on prayer and Bible study, has formed no small part of the work done. Furloughs and illness have frequently retarded these varied activities. The removal of Mr. Ross to Hsiuwu, leaves the Hwaiking station with only two active pastors, Messrs. Slitntnon and Mowatt. Messrs. Boyd and Arthurs at Changte and Mr. Sanderson at Hwaikin°" have iust been some of the men who do the preaching. added to the staff and will be engaged in language study for some time. Dr. Mackenzie, Messrs. Griffith and Kadie have been constantly engaged in evangelistic work at
Changte. Mr. Goforth, while this year responsible for a section of the Changte field, is conducting a series of special meetings in the different congregations throughout the whole Mission. Mr. Luttrell at Weihwei and Mr. MacRae at Changte, having completed their three years' course of lan- guage-study, will now be able to devote their whole time to evangelistic work. Mr. Grant, our veteran Presbytery clerk, and Mr. I^ochead are similarly engaged at Weihweifu. With the closing years of this quarter century, it has been our privilege to see the consummation of many hopes and prayers, in the establishment of an organized Chinese church in North Honan. As far back as Church. January 1906, Presbytery was unanimously of the opinion that: "It will be for the highest interest of God's Kingdom in China, that the Chinese church which is now being planted in Honan, shall become self-supporting, self- propagating and self-governing." The sanction of the mother church to this principle, was asked for, together with her prayers for, and blessing on, the efforts to carry it into effect. A year later Presbytery expressed itself to the effect that : " The time had come for the election of Chinese elders and deacons in those parts of the field where suitable groups of Christians exist." It also empowered its members at each station, to divide their fields into convenient groups for proper church organization and to proceed with the election and ordination of these church officers. This step was first taken in the eastern part of the Changte field. This section, having been the first worked by our missionaries while settled at Ch'uwang. was necessarily more familiar with the Gospel message and at the same time the number of Christians was larger. They were grouped around five centres, where the first ten elders and seventeen deacons, were, accordingly, ordained during 1907-8. The following year nine other places in the Changte field and three in the Weihwei field, had their church officers ordained. CONCENTRATION AND ORGANIZATION. 4I
It was a fair field and great was the joy of the Mission, when at Hsiuchen and Ch'uwang, Dr. J. F. Smith and Dr. McClure were able to carry on medical work. But trouble soon came. One day at Ch'uwang a large mob suddenly took possession of the compound and sacked the premises, carrying away drugs, instruments, personal belongings — in fact every- thing portable, but the missionaries themselves. Later on. consular influence w T as brought to bear on the local officials, with the result that compensation was received for the property destroyed. After the work of the hospitals became known abroad, very large numbers of patients came for treatment. It wa^ the writer's privilege to spend some months, duriug the summer of 1896, in the Ch'uwang Clinic. 5 y ' hospital, assisting Dr. McClure. One day the cataract and other eye knives had become so blunt through constant use that the doctor decided to take half a day off to sharpen them, since there was no time to send them home to be put in order. He asked me to take the operations. It was my first attempt at eye surgery, and what a morning we had. With the help of two Chinese assistants, thirteen eyelids were cut and trimmed before noon. Then, with the thermometer standing at ioo c in the shade, the ont-door clinic began. Equipment, in those days, was poor, the dispensary being a dark, damp, ill-ventilated room. Outside stood THE HEALING MINISTRY. 5 1 a crowd of patients holding up on sticks their tickets admitting them for operation. Many of them had been delayed several days, but the operating room was daily work- ing overtime, so they must wait. The door from the chapel was opened and a wave of eager patients surged into the dispensary until it was filled or the door could be closed. What a pitiful company they were : the lame, the halt, the blind, others with broken bones which had never been set, and still others with dislocated joints which had never received attention. There were abcesses, carbuncles, ulcers, tumours, loathsome skin diseases, dropsical cases and children blinded by small-pox or, in some instances, by native doctors. What a clinic ! The eye and ear specialist, and after him the nose and throat man, might each find plenty to do. After the expert in skin disease, too, had taken away his share, the plain medical man and general surgeon would still have an abundance of patients. Some walked into the dispensary ; some were carried on the backs of friends, others in baskets and still others on beds. As quickly as possible treatment and medicine were given. Again and again the chapel doors were opened, and the ever-waiting crowd rushed into the dispensary. The stifling heat, the flies, the stench made one gasp for breath, but hour after hour they came, till towards evening the door opened and none were left. The day's work was, however, not done yet. A few minutes for washing up in the house and the in-patients had to be dressed. The wards were humble, but the In the Wards. . , ,,.,*. ,. ,« , patients seemed comfortable. First of all the cataract patients were to be attended to and they were not few, for there were sometimes four or five cataract operations in a single forenoon. Then to the women's ward. I thought at the time that it was crowded. There was room for eight or ten beds, but I counted patients and their friends to the number of forty. When the rest of the patients had been dressed the darkness had come and the day's work, i. e., its 52 CANADIAN PRESBYTERIAN MISSION. medical work was done. But there were six such days in the week and the weeks seemed very close together. DR. HOW'S HOUSK, ch'uwang, as the boxers left it. It has always been a matter for regret and is still that much outside work has been put upon medical missionaries, to the detriment of their own particular work. As the doctor is the permanent man of the station, the keeping of station accounts, handling of mail, erection of buildings and other general business of the station have fallen to his lot. And though many and mighty appeals have gone forth for more medical missionaries, the end of a quarter century finds us with only one physician in each of the five hospitals of the Mission. Thus, when furlough or rest time comes around, the hospital must either be closed or be left to look after itself. The crying need of the women of China early enlisted workers, and in 1892 Dr. Lucinda Graham came to Honan. THE HEALING MINISTRY. 53 Two years later, just as she had equipped herself by the study of the language and was looking forward to Medical Work ... , , . , , , , . , , . . beginning her life s work, she fell a victim to for Women. s & cholera while attending another missionary who, with her, now lies in the cemetery at Tientsin. In 1895 Dr. Jeannie I. Dow arrived in Honan. First at Ch'uwang and since then at Changtefu, her hospital has done splendid work for the bodies and souls of the women of Honan. Dr. Margaret Wallace, who reached the field in 1898, also gave promise of very fruitful service, but a kink occurred somewhere and India's women have been blessed with the blessing intended for Honan. For many years all treatments of all patients were free. But because it became evident that what costs nothing is estimated at just about what it cost, a small fee of Fees. fifty cash, or about two and a half cents, is now charged for all first treatments and one cent for subsequent treatments. Operations and medicines are free, and no patient is ever turned away because of his poverty. It is impossible to estimate the results of twenty-five years of medical work. A very large number of patients have been treated, much misery relieved and many Results ? lives saved. The cost of such work has been very low. All these patients have heard the Gospel, at least once, and most of them many times. From their number many of our brightest converts have been gathered into the church. Five hospitals have been erected, not on a palatial scale by any means, but after a plan best suited to the Equipment. needs of the people of China. These are all, in the truest sense, mission hospitals. Of the eleven doctors sent out to Honan, two have been compelled to resign through ill-health : Dr. J. F. Smith, in the early years and recently Dr. W. J. Scott. Dr. W. Staff. Malcolm for a time retired from the work, but is again on the field in connection with another Presbyterian 54 CANADIAN PRESBYTERIAN MISSION.
Mission. Dr. Luciuda Graham gave her life for her friends ; Dr. Margaret Wallace is training medical women in India : while the remaining six — Drs. McClure, Dow, Menzies, Leslie, McMurtry, and Auld — are still on the field. We ought not to forget the Chinese staff. Though no Chinese doctors have been trained (there has been no time for that), several men and women have been trained Native Staff. ... as medical assistants and nurses and have given splendid service in hospital and operating room alike. A few of these, after several years of experience in the hospital, are now practising medicine for themselves. While they are, doubtless, doing a good work, it is a pity that their training has not been more complete. It is not likely that a medical school will soon be established in Honan, but in Peking a Union Medical College has, for some years, been training Chinese students. One member of our staff, Dr. Leslie, gives annually a course of lectures in this institution. Nearly all the graduates are now acquitting themselves well in Mission hospitals and elsewhere. Our Mission is being asked to take a larger share in the teaching and financing of this most important and com- mendable work of training Christian Chinese doctors. J. R. M. MISSION EDUCATION. Our Mission, from its inception, has been preeminently an evangelistic one. Early in its history, the Presbytery enun- ciated as its working principle the idea that the school should be founded on the church, and not the church on the school. The putting on record of this principle, perhaps, had an undue effect in directing the minds of the Mission away from educational work, so that such work, even for Christians, seemed in danger of being neglected. So much did the home Board feel the preeminence of evangelistic work, that it was some years after the first school was started in the Mission before they gave other than " moral support" to it. Though considerable attention has been paid to education of late years, we are still suffering from the handicap of a late start. The first school of the Mission was established in Chaug- tefu in 1896, the nucleus being three boys who had been studying with Rev. D. MacGillivray for some months. It was entered on with hesitation and Boys' School. the number of pupils was limited to ten. After a year- the school had to be disbanded through lack of effi- ciency on the part of the teacher. It was re-organized the next year, more nearly on the basis of self-support, the Mission not supplying any of the cost of the food of the pupils. After many unavailing efforts, a teacher was at last secured from Shantung in 1900, but his labours in the school were cut short by the Boxer outbreak. In 1902 the school again opened its doors with one of its first pupils, Mr. Ch'en, as its teacher. He is still in the employ of the Mission as teacher in the High and Normal School. It grew T until it reached an attendance of seventy-five boys and had graduated one class of middle school students; before the senior pupils were drafted to the High and Normal School at Weill weifu. This school owes much to the able supervision of Rev. J. Griffith. In 1905 a good two-storey building was erected 56 CANADIAN PRESBYTKklAN MISSION. through the generosity of Rev. Norman McPhee, a minister of our Canadian church. Other boys' schools were begun at Weihwei in 1905 and at Hwaiking in 1907. These have not had the vicissitudes of the earlier school, but have always had a struggle to obtain suitable teachers. Apart from these boarding schools, there have been several Christian day schools in the country, especially iu the Changte field, either self-supporting or receiving a little help from the Mission. Some of these have had both boys and girls in attendance. The number of such would be greater but for the lack of qualified teachers, as several Christian centres are asking for suitable men to do this work. The year 1906 saw the beginning ot girls' schools in the Mission, a boardiug school, under Mrs. Mitchell's care, being opened in Weihweifu in the spring of that year, and one at Changtefn, under Miss M. A. Pyke, in the autumn. These FIRST YEAR EXTENSION CLASS AT GIRLS' HOARDING SCHOOL. CHANT, 1! MISSION EDUCATION. 57 steadily grew until they reached attendances of forty-four and sixty-eight respectively. When Mrs. Mitchell went on furlough, she resigned from the position of principal and Miss E. MacL,ennan was put in charge. The Changte school is of primary and middle school grade, though the full course is not yet being taught. Unfortunately, it had to „ , , be closed for a time in 191 2, on account of the ill- Schools. health of the principal, Miss Pyke. During the latter part of the year, Mrs. Griffith has been in charge, at the request of Presbytery. 191 2 brought an addition to the number, in the opening of the Hwaikingfu girls' school, under the care of Mrs. Menzies. Since 1909 these boys' and girls' schools have used the same curriculum and have taken uniform examinations, a circumstance which has tended to unify and systematize the teaching. The course is now that of the North China Educa- tional Union. As early as 1903, the reports of the Educational Committee of Presbytery indicate that, " We shall have to take steps for the higher education of some of our young "High and * ' . , L ,,. . men if the growing needs of our Mission are Normal School." & & to be met." It was not, however, until January, 1906, that a decision was made to establish a " Train- ing School" at Weihweifu, with Rev. H. M. Clark as prin- cipal. Unfortunately, through various causes, the opening of this school was delayed until the autumn of 1907. Mr. Clark, because of broken health, felt obliged to retire from school work, and Rev. Robert A. Mitchell was appointed principal in May, 1908. The name of the school was changed to "The Weihwei High and Normal School," with the middle school course of the North China Educational Union, to which was added Pedagogy. In October, 1909, a wave of insubordi- nation, so common in the schools of New China, made it advisable to disband the school for a time. It was re-opened in the Spring of 1910, several changes being made in the regula- 58 CANADIAN PRESBYTERIAN MISSION. tions and the pupils becoming entirely responsible for their own boarding arrangements. Two classes have been graduated from this school and the present attendance is thirty-eight. But we are not yet supplying the needs of our Mission for workers in any branch. This school is housed in a convenient building donated by the late Mrs. Mary A. Maxwell of Peterborough, Ontario. For higher education our young men have still to look outside the Mission, though in 1910 a provisional agreement was entered into with the Canadian Church Mission, working in K'aifengfu, looking to union in higher educational work. For many years, each pastor had instructed the evangel- ists under his oversight, more or less as opportunity offered. But in 1905 it was decided that something Summer , more systematic should be done. A summer Theological Class. class was established for their benefit, three pastors being appointed as teachers. A course of six \ studies was prepared. To begin with the class lasted for a month, but was lengthened out to two months. The number in attendance has varied from thirty-five up to forty-eight, including seven from other Missions. In 191 2 the class was divided into junior and senior sections. In 191 1, ten men completed the six years' course and eight of them have been ordained and inducted as pastors over self-sustaining con. gations. Presbytery is at present considering something more advanced than this summer class, in the way of a theological college. Historically, these are the lines along which the Mi- has been engaged in education among the Chinese Christians. One day school, for non-Christian girls, has been carried on by Miss I. Macintosh, in the city of Weihweifu. When the revolution interrupted touring, Miss M. Macdonald began a small kindergarten, which is still being carried on in the experimental stage. It is also proposed to open, in the Spring of 1913, a short-term school for women and girls from MISSION EDUCATION. 59 Christian homes, who are ineli- gible for the ordinary girls' schools. While devoting attention to the education of Chinese Chris- tians, the Mission has also found it necessary to pay attention to that of its own children. In the year 191 1 there was opened, at Weihweifu, a school for mis- sionaries' children, which at pres- ent has an attendance of sixteen. It has boarding accommodation for nearly twenty pupils. The course of study is that of the Public Schools of Ontario. It is under the charge of Miss M. Sloaue and Mrs. J. C. Ratcliffe. At the close of a quarter of a century of mission work, though we have made fair begin- nings along several lines, we feel that, with China revolutionized in government and in education, we are not prepared w 7 ith educated men to meet either the needs of our own mission work or to take our proper place iu helping China in her educational needs. We require to put forth greater efforts to have our young men better equipped and more rapidly, than we are doing. Especially do we wish to equip them with what is the great lack of the government schools —the moral and religious basis for holy living and intelligent citizenship R. A. M. ANCIENT BUDDHIST BKLL NRAR HWAl CITY. AMONG THE WOMEN OF NORTH HONAN. As we look back over the past twenty-five year.^ since the founding of the North Honan Mission, the work for women seems naturally to divide itself into four periods, :/:., Waiting, 1888-1892 ; Early Pioneer Work, 1 893-1 899 ; Disor- ganization, 1900- 1902 ; and lastly, the Organized Progressive Work, 1902 to the present time. Almost immediately after the landing of the rir^t Honan missionaries in China, the late Rev. Hudson Taylor wrote to us saying : " Honan is one of the most anti-loreign Waiting. . . TXT . provinces in Lhina. We have tried for ten years to gain a foothold in that province and have only just succeeded. If you would enter Honan you must go forward on youi knees." If a Mission such as the China Inland, with old experienced missionaries, tried native evangelists, and a firm base from which to work — all of which we lacked found th.it it took them ten years to gain a foothold in the province, is it not a cause for deep thankfulness and praise that three years after our missionaries arrived in China found the onan . first family settled in H Those of us who passed through these first three 3 now realize that they were, perhaps, the hardest of all. for both men and women. While their work was to make repeated trips into Honan, being driven from place to place, persecuted, mobbed, reviled, almost everywhere they went, ours was to wait outside at the distant city of Linen' ing in Shantung, there to study and pray, often in deepest anxiety when weeks would pass without news of our brethren at the front. It was a time of sorrow and bereavement, too. for some of us. Four little ones were garnered to the Father's home, during this time of waiting. It was a time too, oi learning many lessons and gaining much experience which was to help us later. Of the three single ladies who joined us AMONG THE WOMEN OF NORTH HONAN. 6l at this time, Miss Sutherland married, Miss Jennie Graham returned home in broken health within a year, and the third, Miss Margaret Macintosh, still continues her faithful ministry to the needy women of Houan. The customs of the people regarding women, as we soon found, bound us in on all sides. If we attempted to go out on the street we were open to grave insults from the men. Our kindest, most innocent actions were grossly misinterpreted by women as well as men. This intense hatred of us, which had a tremendous Early Pioneer Work. WASH DAY AT THE BRIDGE NEAR CIIANGTH COMPOUND hold of old and young alike, was another serious barrier between us and those we longed to reach. But the greatest hindrance of all then, as now, was the dense ignorance of the people. How dense was this heathen darkness around us we find difficult to describe. A few questions asked of us during these early years will suffice to illustrate the mind of the people toward us : "Have you any kneejoints?" "Do you sleep standing up "We heard that you had three eyes, how is it that you have only two?" One lady was told that the people all believed she had eight husbands. Many years passed before 62 CANADIAN PRESBYTKR I AN MISSION. they ceased to believe that the doctor's best medicines were made from parts of children's bodies, especially the eyes. Is it any wonder, therefore, that we found the soil hard and unyielding? There was one trait, however, of the Chinese, which gave us great opportunities for preaching : that was their curiosity toward the foreigner. So great was this curiosity that it seemed to overcome fear, hate and every other obstacle and caused them to flock to us in great numbers. For years, the receiving and preaching to these crow r ds who visited our homes, formed our chief work. We endeavoured, in every way, to win their friendship and confidence. We strove to preach Christ to all who came, but our lack of experience and limited knowledge were great drawbacks. Added to this was the fact that we had no Bible- women, not even ordinary Christian women, to help us. Vet in spite of these difficulties we very soon be^an to see glints of light through the darkness. One of the first women to accept the Gospel was a poor patient in the hospital at Ch'uwaug during the winter of 1893. As for weeks she lay and suffered, First Woman ^ Malcolm the wife of the doctor, would talk to her of the blessed News. It was wonder- ful to see the change which came over her as the light entered her dark mind. Her face, at times, would fairly shine with the joy of her new-found Hope. She was recorded as a catechumen, but before her time came for baptism she had passed into the presence of her Lord. The year 1894 was a year of trial to us all. The war between China and Japan caused the temporary suspension of women's work. It was during this time of enforced absence from the field that our beloved fellow- workers, Dr. Luciuda Graham ana Mrs. Malcolm, were called Home. The Mission felt deeply the loss of these two valuable workers. The task before us was great and the laborers all too few. So far as we could see, Honan sorely needed them. Othei AMONG THE WOMEN OF NORTH HONAN. 63 breaks in our ranks came about this time, through the return to the homeland, for health reasons, of four families. This left our band of women workers very small, only four in number. There was, nevertheless, encouragement and ad- vance, even in the midst of apparent retrogression. Chang- tefu, the first permanent station, was opened this year, but work for women did not begin there until the autumn of the following year, 1894, when the first family took up their residence at that centre. As at Ch'uwang and Hsinchen, so during the early days at Changtefu, the crowds of heathen visitors were well-nigh overwhelming. An earnest endeavour was made to preach the Gospel to one and all. During this time of great stress the Lord answered prayer for help in a truly wonderful way and gave us Mrs. Chang as our first Bible-woman. The first attempt at organized women's work was made at Ch'uwang and at Changle in 1896, when the first station study class for women was held. Each year saw a distinct advance made in these classes. We began by paying all ex- penses, even to the conveying of the women to Station Classes ,>,.■-, -r. and from their homes. But we soon saw the for Women. importance of aiming at self-support. The story of these classes would make an interesting history of itself, but space allows only the bare statement of facts. We worked steadily and faithfully with self-support in view, and by 1899 had the joy and satisfaction of holding at Changtefu a large self-supporting women's class. Iyong before the crisis of 1900, the women's work had begun to open up on all sides. Visits were made to Christian homes far distant from the main stations. Converts were increasing and, with their in- crease, openings for women's work became more numerous. True, when the trouble of 1900 came upon us, we had only begun to live down the opposition and hatred of the people, yet, undoubtedly, a real beginning had been made. One fact alone is sufficient to show this. During the winter of 1899- 64 CANADIAN PRESBYTERIAN MISSION. 1900, the women's Sabbath Bible class at Changtefu, num- bered from twenty-five to thirty in attendance each week. An anti- foot-binding movement had been started and not a few women and girls, in the face of real persecution, unbound their feet. Everywhere the outlook was hopeful, when sud- denly the bright horizon became clouded and the troubles of 1900 began. Through the winter of 1900, the restless condition of the people and the ever-increasing wild rumours hindered our women's work considerably. In spite Disorganization. r , , , of threatened trouble, some trips were made into the country, the last of these being as late as May. I v ittle more than a month later, all were scattered. Christians and missionaries alike, in grievous peril. We would put on record our deep gratitude to our Gracious and truly Almighty God, for His abundant mercies shown to us and to our beloved Christians, in preserving our lives during that ter- rible time. Let us for a moment think of the joy of the meeting between the Christians and the missionaries, after the return of the latter. There was sadness as well as joy Organized .^ ^ meeting, for some had suffered keenly. Progressive . „ , One woman told of being hung up to a tree until Work. almost dead, when she was rescued by some friends ; another showed her hand where the thumb had been twisted round. This was done to force her to disclose the hiding place of her husband. Hut the Lord had enabled her to be faithful to hei husband and to her God. ThN woman and her husband died, a short time after our return, within a few days of each other, their lives, no doubt. being shortened by what they had suffered during that Boxer year. Looking at the Changte field, we find that the closing of Ch'uwang gave to that station an added force of competent workers, thus enabling us to open up the work for women
Another branch of the outside activit)' was started in the autumn of 1902, when Mrs. Goforth, with her children, joined 66 CANADIAN PRESBYTERIAN MISSION. her husband in opening up the north section of the Changtefll field. Mrs. McClure, upon the opening of her husband's hospital in 1903, began work among the women patients. Mrs. Mitchell, who had been among the first of the ladies to return to Honan after the Boxer year, was also available for such work as it was possible for her to overtake. Women's work at this station has, since those early beginnings, pro- gressed along all lines. An especial effort has been made among The Women of north honan.
67 by Miss Isabel Mac- intosh to reach the higher class women and girls of the city. This has met with much suc- cess, Miss Macdonald carrying it on in Miss Macintosh's absence. Mrs Grant writes of the Weihwei station thus : ''In 1902 there were but five Christian women throughout our field ; sixty-eight." Touring Hwaikingfu. CHINESE LADIES, WEIHWEIFU. Some of these are Christians. now we have one hundred and for women has been made much easier in that field, during the past few years, by the two railways which now pass through it. Mrs. Luttrell has also begun to accompany her husband on his country trips. The first family took up residence in Hwaikingfu, early in 1903, but only for a few months. Regular effort for women did not begin there until 1904 While all the ladies have had their share in the building up of women's work at Hwaiking, we feel that it is but due to Mrs. Dr. Menzies, that she should be specially mentioned. A short extract from a private letter received from one of the ladies of that station, speaks of having a share in "morning prayers, a class for probationary Bible- women (three times a week), classes in the girls' school every day, hospital each afternoon, prayer meeting and Sab- bath school class." A new kind of work was begun and carried on by Mrs. Mowatt, with great success, viz., An Industrial School for Women. Miss McGill, previous to her furlough, did much faithful, hard work, in the distant parts of this field. There is every prospect of such work opening up in the near future as never before. Miss O'Neill is now ready for continuous touring, having finished her three years 68 CANADIAN PKEvSEYTKRlAN MISSION. of language study. Miss Gay and Miss Sykes arc busy with the language. Since the opening of Taok'ou in 1908, Mrs. Thomson has been the only one to instruct the women at that station. Women's work has recently been started in two new centres : at Wuan by Mrs. Bruce, since followed by others, and at Hsiuwu by Mrs. Ross. Miss Cameron and Miss Logan at Chaugte, and Miss Dinwoodie at Weihwei, are all engaged in the study of Chinese. R. G. "TWICE-BORN MEN." The history of our Mission has been made by the thoughts and deeds of individual men and women. Some have toiled devotedly, yet their work, like that of the fireman down in the ship's hold, is hidden from the eyes of man. Others have been given a more prominent place, where their influence, like that of the sailor on the upper deck, has been seen. Only the Great Lord, to whom all secrets are revealed, knoweth which of His servants has done the best in speeding on the coming of His Kingdom. We can write of only a few of the noble ones ; there are many others as good as these who will be neglected here and who, it may be, will never be heard of this world. We can only say for those of whom we write that they deserve a place in this little history, for they have done much to make such history possible. The others will get their due reward in God\s good time, from Him who really knows the struggles each has made and the victories each has won. No history of the Honan Mission would be complete without the story of Chou Lao Ch'aug, the first Christian of North Honan. It is over twenty years since this one-time heathen became an earnest Chris- Ch'ang, the ,. „ tian and he is still with us, working for his Yamen Runner. ' & Master, though now not far from eighty years of age. He was a head constable in the yamen of the magistrate at Hsunhsieu, that place famous for its immense heathen fair held each year. He had smoked opium for thirty-five years; was a master hand at "squeezing" all who came within his clutches ; had a fierce temper ; feared nothing, and was a man both well-known and much dreaded. Some years before our first missionaries arrived in Honan, God laid His hand upon him and he became blind with cataract. Six dreadful years passed, for this fierce old man never hoped to see again the light of day. 7o CANADIAN RftESfeYTKRIAN MISSION
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1896年英国人劳海德在古城卫辉开办的西医诊所。1903年“博济医院”在该诊所基础上建成。
1920年医院扩建后更名为“惠民医院”。
1922年加拿大人维特立夫创办“惠民医院”护士学校，招收四年制护理专业学生并由中华护理学会（1923年名为“中华护士会”）颁发文凭，成为学校教育教学史的开端。
1949年，冀鲁豫行署卫生学校和哈利逊医院从山东迁入卫辉，与惠民医院及护士学校合并，并接收解放军第三机动医院部分医护人员和干部，于1950年成立平原省医科学校。
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天主教卫辉教区
Dioecesis Ueihoeivensis
天主教传入豫北地区距今至少已有四百余年的历史，
1882年8月28日，河南代牧区分为河南南境代牧区和河南北境代牧区，河南北境代牧区首任主教可德望，主教座堂设在辉县范家岭村。1900年义和团运动期间主教座堂被义和团烧毁。此后主教座堂先后迁至林县田家井村、林县小庄村和卫辉府城。1924年成立卫辉代牧区。1929年8月2日，河南北境代牧区更名为卫辉府代牧区。1946年4月11日，卫辉府代牧区升为卫辉教区，由意大利米兰外方传教会（PIME）管理。
1844年，河南天主教会脱离南京教区成立河南代牧区，属法国遣使会（CM）管辖，1869年（或1870年）开始属意大利米兰外方会（PIME）管辖。
光绪十七年（1882年）罗马教廷以黄河为界，把河南代牧区分为豫北、豫南两个代牧区，
划出卫辉（今卫辉市）、彰德（今安阳市）、怀庆（今沁阳县）3府所辖汲县、延津、滑县、浚县、淇县、辉县、内黄、汤阴、林县、安阳、临漳、武安、涉县等25县建立北境教区。据1900统计，北境教区有教徒3000余人，意大利籍传教士9人，中国神职人员3人，初级修院1所，在院修生12人，公塾2所，学员31人，散置于各县的简易教堂52座。
关于豫北代牧区的设立及其早期的一些情况，辉县市范家岭村的一块石碑记载颇详。
此碑刻于光绪三十三年（1907年）七月初七，为豫北教区第二任主教梅占魁 Jean Menicatti PIME 在任期间所立，碑高193厘米，宽74厘米，厚16厘米。碑文如下：
粤稽教传中原，数千余载矣，斯村设教，历三百岁有奇，伊时，堂宇未购，仅就民房以聚会焉，教士往来有常，不曾久栖，故住舍并无，挨后，始置茅屋数椽以作公所。至光绪八年（1882年）因黄河之隔，阐道多阻，方蒙教宗比约第九位允诺，准河南一省分作南北两境。以黄河为界，安主教西满，占据南境；司主教德望分守北境，其下车伊始，首莅此地，因于光绪十年（1884年）遂先创建一小堂于斯地，十一年（1885年）告竣。彼堂也，虽不甚美，然亦云苟完。待二十六年（1900年），拳匪肇衅，土豪借端起事，遂将堂宇、住舍、民房抢掠殆尽，付之一炬，竟成焦土。迨至乱平，官民聊偿银若干，复将焚毁者再新之。维一时情迫，草率从事，堂宇仍旧址故式，而成形极鄙陋。梅主教继起，乃令牛司铎重修焉，宏大其址，高纵其顶，辉煌其式，以状雅观，而显主荣。遂于三十一年（1905年）冬兴工，三十三年（1907年）夏告竣。秋七月七日，圣母升天瞻礼，主教偕数位司铎亲临，行祝圣大礼，一时来观者云集，不约而同趋，贺堂宇之落成焉。是为立石，以志梅主教之洪恩，而录大众之盛情耳！遂将斯堂住舍、基址并公产座落至向开列于后，以垂不朽云。（碑文之后是捐钱捐工数目，从略）⑤
豫北代牧区首任主教为司德望 Etienne Scarella PIME （1884-1902年）；
第二任主教是梅占魁 Jean Menicatti PIME （1903-1920年）；
第三任主教是林栋臣Martino Chiolino PIME（1921-1944）。林栋臣来中国时是六品大修生，后来在中国圣为神父，又圣为主教，圣名马尔定。林栋臣就任主教后期，患有精神病，无法正常工作，此间，
柴良神甫 Gervasoni 在1942年开始任代理主教，管理教堂事务，后来罗神甫 Lomparti 也曾任代理主教；
第四任主教是祁济公Mario Civelli PIME（1945-1953）。祁济公原是卫辉教区当家管帐的神甫，1942年，祁济公神甫在天津被祝圣为汉中教区主教。在汉中教区，他和当地神甫团结不好，关系很僵，无法管理汉中教区。1945年祁济公从汉中教区调任卫辉教区主教。从1951年开始，实际主持卫辉教区工作的是中国籍神甫郭好信，郭好信是代理主教，但他本人只是神甫，1959年4月14日去世（阴历三月十一）；郭好信之后，负责卫辉教区工作的是崔振铎，他本人也只是神甫、代理主教；崔振铎之后是张怀信神甫，虽然在1981年10月19日他被罗马教廷批准祝圣为主教，但政府一直未予承认。
在豫北教区的历任主教中，前四任主教司德望、梅占魁、林栋臣、祁济公均为意大利人，曾任代理主教的柴良神甫、罗神甫也是意大利人。代理主教郭好信神甫是豫北第一任中国籍的代理主教。
光绪十七年（1882年），豫北代牧区刚刚成立时，首任主教司德望把主教座堂设在辉县范家岭村，范家岭教堂建于1884年，义和团运动期间，1900年，教堂被义和团烧毁。此后主教座堂迁至林县田家井村，后又迁至林县小庄村，再迁汲县（今卫辉市）城内。
The Pontifical Institute for Foreign Missions (in Latin Pontificium istitutum pro exteris the Missions ) is a clerical society of apostolic life of pontifical right : members of the company to postpone their name the initials P.I.M.E.
Angelo Ramazzotti , the main promoter of the institute in Milan
汲县天主教堂最早修建于1891年，位于汲县城关，是司德望 Etienne Scarella PIME 任主教期间修建的。因主教座堂设在卫辉府的时间较长，所以，北境天主教代牧区也称卫辉教区。天主教河南总修院先是设在林县小庄村，1932年迁到开封。林县小庄村曾是主教座堂所在地，后来也是天主教的墓地，这里埋葬着一些在中国去世的意大利籍传教士和德高望重的中国籍神甫。
1936年7月7日，新乡教区从豫北教区中分出，意大利籍传教士全部撤出，由美德圣言会（SVD）的传教士来管理，属圣言会的监牧区，
1946年成为新乡教区（圣统制），首任监牧主教为美国人米干Thomas Megan SVD（1936-1948年）。教区所辖新乡、获嘉、沁阳、温县、孟县、修武、武陟、原武、阳武、博爱、济源、封丘等县。神职人员中，有外籍24人、中籍3人，外籍修女4人，中籍修女24人，教徒15000人。1946年（或1947年）以后由中国籍的刘仁平神甫、张俊祥神甫代理。新乡教区的主教座堂设在新乡市，位于新乡市新开街，1936年由主教米干在任期间修建。
另外，现在的豫北教区还包括濮阳市、濮阳县、南乐县、清丰县、长垣县等在内。濮阳、清丰、南乐等县原归属直隶献县教区（法国传教区）。1932年，法国传教士离开濮阳，直隶省大名县以南5县（大名、南乐、清丰、濮阳、长垣）另成立一个新教区，即"大名教区"，转归匈牙利传教士管辖，主教府设在大名县。相继在濮阳地区传教的有霍立本（匈牙利人）、席上珍、隆其化（匈牙利人）等人。1935年大名监牧区成立，由匈牙利耶稣会（SJ）管理。1936-1947年间，由查宗夏 Nicolas Szarvas SJ任主教。1947年大名教区成立（圣统制），隆其化Gaspar Lischerong SJ任主教。
http://blog.sina.com.cn/s/blog_87ca2ce40102wtu1.html
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History of the Honan (North China) Mission [Presbyterian] of the United Church of Canada, compiled over a period spanning the 1940s to the 1960s.
In her 1968 book, Brown mentions that she had just completed this project, so by then it had likely taken its present form.
The work chronicles the history of the Canadian mission to central China, first under the Presbyterian Church and later as part of the United Church of Canada,
from the 1880s to 1951 when the mission was forced out.
http://library.columbia.edu/content/dam/libraryweb/locations/burke/fa/mrl/ldpd_8423790.pdf
Margaret H. Brown, 1887 - 1978
3 boxes, 1.25 linear feet Storage: Onsite storage Repository:
The Burke Library Union Theological Seminary
3041 Broadway New York, NY 10027
Email: burkearchives@library.columbia
