your employment contract with your employer. Very rarely but it does happen, if the contract has a duration (e.g., 20 days, 3 years, 6 months, etc.) they can't fire you without compensation, but more offen, there is no stated period of employment, then, your relationship with your company is at-will employment, and your company can fire you any time, even for no reason.
Whether your employer has started process to apply to a GC for you has nothing to do with whether your employer can terminate the employment relationship, unless it expressly states so in your employment contract.
Whether your employer has started process to apply to a GC for you has nothing to do with whether your employer can terminate the employment relationship, unless it expressly states so in your employment contract.