Agree, the best explanation so far.

When two objects collide to each other, the so-called "damage" is the result of the elastic 塑性碰撞. On the contrast, 弹性碰撞is not going to cause any damage because by definition "弹性" means the object will bounce back to its original shape. Just like if you throw a rubber ball to the ground, it will bounce back to your hand and it is still the same ball. There is no need to repair the ball. 塑性碰撞 is different. The object will deform permantly after the collision. And if you want the object back to its original shape, a repair is needed. 

If a car is stronger in struture, which means it will withstand higher force before the permanent deformation starts, it is more likely that it will receive less damage in a collision. And it is nothing to do with the mass or weight of the car. But, if the car is heavier, usually it will be stronger than a lighter car.    

 

 

 

你即使明白牛顿第三定律和动量守恒定律也不会知道碰撞结果。

打一个比方，一支箭迎面射向跑得很快的猎豹。动量小的箭没有损坏，受伤的是猎豹。碰撞，通常是以强度小的物体的变形吸收大部分能量为结局的；理想弹性体之间的碰撞例外，因为没有能量损失