This is one of the high school math problems in which Calculus can go much deeper.
Result: For each 0 < x < 1/e, there is a y in the interval (1/e, 1) such that x^x = y^y.
Proof:
Using Calculus, it is easy to verify that function f(x) = x^x decreases from 1 to its minimum f(1/e) as x goes from 0 to 1/e and that f(x) increases from f(1/e) to the positive infinity as x goes from 1/e to the positive infinity.The result then follows.