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Hope vs. Wish
Wish is most commonly used in hypothetical (or imagined) situations:
I wish that I had a dog. (I don't really have a dog, but if I did, I would be happy.)
I wish (that) you were here. (Unfortunately, you're not, and I miss you.)
Sometimes wish is used in greeting and expressions of goodwill:
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(S V IO DO) |
Hope can also be used in expressions of goodwill, but the grammar is slightly different:
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(some time in the future) (some time in the past) |
Hope can be used to specify a desired outcome. For future hopes, the possibilities remain open, but for past hopes, the outcome has usually been determined already.
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(future possibility) (but you didn't make it) (but I didn't)
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Wish and hope are also used in certain types of requests and pleasantries. In such situations, wish carries a more definite and formal tone.
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(right now)
(anytime in the future) |