大家对法案本身没有太多不同意见，而是对AA有不同见解，

“The term "affirmative action" was first used in the United States in Executive Order 10925, signed by President John F. Kennedy on 6 March 1961, which included a provision that government contractors "take affirmative action to ensure that applicants are employed, and employees are treated during employment, without regard to their race, creed, color, or national origin."[6] It was used to promote actions that achieve non-discrimination.”

这里的重点是take affirmative action

“Affirmative action in the United States tends to focus on issues such as education and employment, specifically granting special consideration to racial minorities and women who have been historically excluded groups in America.[1] Reports have shown that minorities and women have faced discrimination in schools and businesses for many years and this discrimination produced unfair advantages for white males in education and employment.[2] The impetus toward affirmative action is redressing the disadvantages[3][4][5][6][7] associated with overt historical discrimination.[8] Further impetus is a desire to ensure public institutions, such as universities, hospitals, and police forces, are more representative of the populations they serve.”

我认为在升学上，历史对一些族裔歧视的后果仍然影响这些族裔。
在工作上，AA对妇女和少数族裔更有积极的帮助，在很多政府项目里有严格给予妇女和少数族裔的quota