We rented a car from EUROPCAR for 12 days, an automatic Peugeot 308 station wagon, with full coverage insurance, costed 1500.-EUR. Pickup and return are both at Catania airport CTA.
We traveled around the island, visited all meaningful places. It's a faire length of time, IMHO.
Road conditions are varying depends on locations. Highways are OK, only two lanes each direction, not much traffic, some holes on the road, not much tolls compared to the mainland Italy. Roads in towns are very narrow and mostly one-way streets. Avoid large SUV for both reasons of narrow street and parking. Prefer full coverage insurance to avoid hassles.