There is an entire of a book about it. Such as how to tell avala

how to tell avalanch-prone slopes, how to read snow of its weakness and advantages, how to tell snow bridge, talus, rocks, streams, how to build a snow wall around your tent, how to anchor your tent, how to walk around your campsite during the night in the upper mountains, how to belay at exposed slopes, on and on. 

Recommend: "Mountaineering: the freedom of the hills", or "Glacier travel and crevasse rescue".