leaders and managers

According to the literature in management, the main roles associated with leaders rather than managers are to encourage innovation, to inspire and manage change, to adopt a long-term strategic perspective, and to propose a vision to which other actors of the organization will want to join (Moran & Morner, 2017; Gottlieb & Carmicheal, 2019).

 

所以说校长是leader, provost 是manager？总统是leader， 国务院总理是manager？