登高⑴
杜甫
风急天高猿啸哀⑵, 渚清沙白鸟飞回⑶。
无边落木萧萧下⑷, 不尽长江滚滚来。
万里悲秋常作客⑸,百年多病独登台⑹。
艰难苦恨繁霜鬓⑺, 潦倒新停浊酒杯⑻。
The wind is severe and the sky is high, the apes in sorrow sadly cry,
The islet is clear and the sand is white, the birds are now flying back.
Swirling and swirling, the boundless defoliations are falling down,
And rolling and rolling, the endless Long river is coming by.
I've alway been a guest, in this sad fall of three thousand miles,
A hundred year old with many kinds of illness, I alone step on the tower high.
Hardships, bitterness and regrets, increased white hair of mine
Feeble and decadent recently, I stopped the cups of turbid wine.
注释译文
词句注释
⑴登高:农历九月九日为重阳节,历来有登高的习俗。
⑵猿啸哀:指长江三峡中猿猴凄厉的叫声。《水经注·江水》引民谣云:“巴东三峡巫峡长,猿鸣三声泪沾裳。”
⑶渚(zhǔ):水中的小洲;水中的小块陆地。鸟飞回:鸟在急风中飞舞盘旋。回:回旋。
⑷落木:指秋天飘落的树叶。萧萧:风吹落叶的声音。
⑸万里:指远离故乡。常作客:长期漂泊他乡。
⑹百年:犹言一生,这里借指晚年。
⑺艰难:兼指国运和自身命运。苦恨:极恨,极其遗憾。苦,极。繁霜鬓:增多了白发,如鬓边着霜雪。 繁,这里作动词,增多。
⑻潦倒:衰颓,失意。这里指衰老多病,志不得伸。新停:新近停止。重阳登高,例应喝酒。杜甫晚年因肺病戒酒,所以说“新停”。[2][3][4][5]