“糊涂” 其实是 "HooDoo" - 美国的 Bryce Canyon 国家公园的别称，位于西部 Utah 州。
Bryce Canyon 公园进门之前矗立的Hoodoos： Hello 游客，欢迎！
地质学的名称: Hoodoo
岩石年龄： Paleocene or Eocene in age, 40-60 mya
Hoodoos are tall skinny spires of rock that protrude from the bottom of arid basins and "broken" lands. Hoodoos are most commonly found in the High Plateaus region of the Colorado Plateau and in the Badlands regions of the Northern Great Plains. While hoodoos are scattered throughout these areas, nowhere in the world are they as abundant as in the hern section of Bryce Canyon National Park.
形成过程: Hoodoos are formed by two weathering processes that continuously work together in eroding the edges of the Paunsaugunt Plateau. The primary weathering force at Bryce Canyon is frost wedging. Here we experience over 200 freeze/thaw cycles each year. In the winter, melting snow, in the form of water, seeps into the cracks and freezes at night. When water freezes it expands by almost 10%, bit by bit prying open cracks, making them ever wider in the same way a pothole forms in a paved road. Four step formation process (Plateau-Fin-Window-Hoodoo)
术语太专业了，还是先看照片再研究形成吧！
Bryce Canyon 国家公园鸟瞰
走近 Hoodoos：
转到另一个观景点，越往下走越有参观秦始皇兵马俑一号坑的感觉: 同是伟大的奇迹, 一个人世间，一个大自然！
可以走到很底部去细看Hoodoos，注意光看别摸，否则会影响它们的体型.
忽然发现这个： 有点像我们的阿诗玛？
天生一个仙人洞
这位兄弟在独自想什么？
这是逐渐被风化了的 Hoodoos:
离别前再回头看一眼这些绝美“糊涂” - 暂别了 Hoodoos, 我会再来-I Shall Return !
关于Hoodoo的形成（继续）:
In addition to frost wedging, what little rain we get here also sculpts the hoodoos. Even the crystal clear air of Bryce Canyon creates slightly acidic rainwater. This weak carbonic acid can slowly dissolve limestone grain by grain. It is this process that rounds the edges of hoodoos and gives them their lumpy and bulging profiles.
Where internal mudstone and siltstone layers interrupt the limestone, you can expect the rock to be more resistant to the chemical weathering because of the comparative lack of limestone. Many of the more durable hoodoos are capped with a special kind of magnesium-rich limestone called dolomite.
Dolomite, being fortified by the mineral magnesium, dissolves at a much slower rate, and consequently protects the weaker limestone underneath it in the same way a construction worker is protected by his/her hardhat.Rain is also the chief source of erosion (the actual removal of the debris).
In the summer, monsoon type rainstorms travel through the Bryce Canyon region bringing short duration high intensity rain. Unfortunately hoodoos don't last very long. The same processes that create hoodoos are equally aggressive and intent on their destruction.
The average rate of erosion is calculated at 2-4 feet (.6-1.3 m) every 100 years. So it is that Bryce Canyon, as we know it, will not always be here. As the canyon continues to erode to the west it will eventually capture (perhaps 3 million years from now) the watershed of the East Fork of the Sevier River. Once this river flows through the Bryce Amphitheater it will dominate the erosional pattern, replacing hoodoos with a "V" shaped canyon and steep cliff walls typical of the weathering and erosional patterns created by flowing water.
Indeed a foreshadowing of this fate can be observed in Water Canyon while hiking the Mossy Cave Trail. For over 100 years a diversion canal has been taking a portion of the East Fork of the Sevier River through this section of the park and already it's easy to see the changes the flowing water has created.
