-Not need to change H1 to H4 within US, and illegal stay for few weeks does not matter. Just explain it to the visa officer if asked when applying for the H4 visa such as air ticket issue, etc. If not asked, say nothing.
2) 如果需要在美国申请H4,什么时候开始申请?如果现在开始,是不是要2-3月才会批准, 那在批准之前,我就不能10/15号回国了?
3) 可以要求H4在10/1生效吗? 还是USCIS批准日期就是生效日期,如果9/1批准了,那我9月就不能工作了
4) 如果我8/31交了I485,那我还可以10月回国吗?
-Yes. Then, you can use AP to reenter US or apply for the H1 or H4 visa in China to enter US. By the way, you can file I-485 any time as long as your priority date is current and it will not affect your current legal status and you can legal stay in US even if you do not have a status.