广泛筛查造成DCIS过度诊断与过度治疗这个现象是真实存在的。但目前没有好的办法来分辨预测具体哪些DCIS病人将来会恶化转移

（虽然知道只是很少部分）。这就是目前的难题。

DCIS incidence is highly increased since population-based breast cancer screening.

There is strong evidence that breast cancer screening results in overdiagnosis of DCIS.

We are unable to predict the individual risk of DCIS progression into invasive carcinoma.

 

Finding the balance between over- and under-treatment of ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS)