A Glossary of Business Terms

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Accrue	V. to accumulate, as interest eg: "The wise person I believe sees this as a rapidly expanding market where the benefit of establishing and holding a lead position will accrue many, many years of benefit,"
Affidavit	N. a written oath eg: "There were several facts that I was not given the opportunity to make during my testimony," Burris said in a statement provided to FOX News. "I voluntarily submitted an affidavit so everything was transparent."
Amortization	N. the gradual paying off of a debt at regular intervals eg: "Our overseas operations now contribute 74 percent of proportionate earnings before interest, tax, depreciation and amortization, up from 71 percent a year ago," Chua said.
Annuity	N. an investment that provides fixed yearly payments. eg: Travelers Life & Annuity has a long and successful history of providing world-class products and services to its global customer base
Appraise	V. to evaluate measure: evaluate or estimate the nature, quality, ability, extent, or significance of; "I will have the family jewels appraised by a professional"; Apprise: V. to tell or inform ***** of sth
Appreciate	V. to increase in value depreciate
Arbitration	N. settlement of a fispute through a third party. eg: "After much thought, I have decided to appeal my case to the Court of Arbitration of Sport," Landis said in a statement. "I want to take this opportunity to say again, that I am innocent of the doping allegations against me.
Arrears	N. overdue debts 逾期欠款 If someone is in arrears with their payments, or has got into arrears, they have not paid the regular amounts of money that they should have paid.
Assessment	N. evaluation for the prupose of taxation. eg: "Those decisions will be based on a calm assessment by our military commanders on the conditions on the ground, not reaction by Washington politicians to poll results in the media," said Bush
Bankruptcy	N. the legally declared state of being unable to pay debts
Beneficiary	N. a person stipulated to receive benefits from a will, insurance policy, etc.
Brokerage	N. a business licensed to sell stockes and securities. eg: "The Bear Stearns merger provides a unique opportunity to enhance our ability to serve clients by adding new capabilities in prime brokerage and clearing and by improving strength in equities, mortgage trading, commodities and asset management,"
Capacity	N. the total number of bytes that can be stored in a computer's memory.
Collateral	N. Property used as security for a loan 抵押物；担保品
Compensation	N. payment, reimbursement
Consignment	N. shipment of goods to be paid for after they are sold. 装运的货物；运送物
direct mail	N. the sale of goods and services through the mail. （商店为招揽生意而向人们投寄的）直接邮件
Endorse	V. to sign the back of a check. V. to say in an advertisement that you use and like a particular product so that other people will want to buy it. （在广告中）宣传，吹嘘（某一产品）
Endowment	N. money given, as a bequest. 捐款；捐赠；资助
Escrow	N. written evidence of ownership held by a third party until specified conditions are met. 第三方托管 eg. In his letter, Obama also said: "I would urge Brazil to impress upon Iran the opportunity presented by this offer to 'escrow' its uranium in Turkey while the nuclear fuel is being produced."
Executor	N. a person named to carry out someone else's will. 遗嘱执行人
Exemption	N. money not subject to taxation.
Expenditure	N. an amount of money spent.
Fiscal	adj. financial  财政的；国库的；国家岁入的
Flextime	N. a system of flexoble work hours.
Forteiture	N. loss of property as a penalty for default or neglect. 没收
Franchise	N. a special right to operate a business granted by the government or a corporation.
Goodwill	N the value of a business's public image and reputation.商誉
Journal	N. a written record of financial transactions
kilobyte megabyte	N. 1000 byte N. 1 million byte
Ledger	N. a record book of debits and credits.
Obligation	N. something which you must do because you have promised, because of a law, etc.
Lien	N. a claim on property left in a will 扣押权，留置权（扣押某人财产直至其偿清债务）
Liquidity	N. ability to turn assets into cash.
Margin	N. difference between cost and selling price
Markup	N. the percentage by which selling price is more than the cost. 价格的涨幅
Monetary	adj. relationg to money  货币的
Monopoly	N. exclusive control of a commodity or service. 垄断；专营服务
Petty Cash	N. money kept on hand for incidental purchase. 小额备用现金
Incidental	Adj./ N. 附带的(事情)
Power of attorney	N. the written right to legally represent another person. 授权书
Premium	N. a payment, usually for an insurance policy. 保险费
Prospectus	N. a statement describing a business. 简章
Proxy	N. authorization to vote for a stockholder at a meeting. 代理权
Quorum	N. the minimum number of persons required to be present for the transaction of business at a meeting. （会议的）法定人数
Remittance	N. the sending of money in payment. 汇款金额
Requisition	N. a written request for supplies. 正式要求；征用
Rider	N. an amendment to a document.  公文的附加材料；附文
Royalty	N. a share if the profits from a book or invention paid to the author or patent holder. 版税
Pledge	N. a serious promise 保证；诺言；誓约 N. a sum of money or something valuable that you leave with somebody to prove that you will do something or pay back money that you owe 抵押；
Solvent	Adj. able to pay debt.有偿付能力 N/ Adj. able to dissolve another substance, or be dissolved in another substance.  有溶解力的;溶剂
Subsidy	N. a monetary grant.
Tariff	N. a tax on import or exports.