Data on the death toll of the war in Ukraine varies widely between official government statements and independent estimates, as both sides closely guard their figures
. The total casualties (killed and wounded) for both sides is estimated to be over one million. Military Casualties (February 2022 - Late 2025)
Precise military death tolls are state secrets, leading to a range of estimates from different sources.
| Source/Estimate | Russian Military Deaths (Killed) | Ukrainian Military Deaths (Killed) |
|---|---|---|
| Independent Estimates | Up to 250,000 | 60,000–100,000 |
| BBC News Russian & Mediazona | 226,541–327,226 (as of Nov 2025, verified by name/estimate) | ~79,213 (as of Oct 2025, verified by name/estimate) |
| Ukrainian Government Claims | ~198,000 (Dec 2024) | ~43,000 (Dec 2024) |
| Western Intelligence Estimates | ~120,000 (as of Aug 2023) | ~70,000 (as of Aug 2023) |
Independent studies suggest Russian fatalities have been significantly higher than Ukrainian ones, with some estimates indicating a ratio of roughly five Russian soldiers killed for every one Ukrainian.
Civilian Casualties
The Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights (OHCHR) maintains a verified count of civilian casualties, noting the actual figures are likely considerably higher, especially in areas of intense fighting like Mariupol.
- Verified Civilian Deaths: At least 14,116 (as of September 2025)
- Verified Civilian Injuries: Over 36,481 (as of September 2025)
- Total Verified Civilian Casualties: Over 53,000
The overwhelming majority of these casualties occurred in Ukrainian territory as a result of Russian military operations.
