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1789–1790s: First political factions
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Federalists – Led by Alexander Hamilton, supported a strong central government.
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Democratic-Republicans – Led by Thomas Jefferson and James Madison, favored states’ rights and limited federal power.
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1820s–1830s: Emergence of the Democratic Party
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Democratic Party – Evolved from the Democratic-Republicans under Andrew Jackson, advocating populist policies and more power for ordinary citizens.
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1854: Formation of the Republican Party
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Republican Party – Founded by anti-slavery activists and former Whigs, opposed the expansion of slavery into new territories.
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Late 19th – 20th century
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The Democrats and Republicans became the two main political parties in the U.S., roughly as we know them today.
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