中美英三国促令日本投降之波茨坦公告；实行无条件投降

1945年8月15日正午，日本天皇向全日本广播，接受中美英三国促令日本投降之波茨坦公告，实行无条件投降，结束战争 [13]，与此同时美苏中英等11个同盟国在华盛顿召开会议，决定由美国作为代表，全权办理对日军事占领和日本的重建工作。同时也决定，对日作战中做出巨大贡献的国家，可以派出军队参与对日本进行军事占领。 [15]中国国民政府最终选定陆军第67师作为中国驻日占领军，67师有3个团，计14500人。 [16]

 

 

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Key Provisions of the Potsdam Declaration

• Unconditional Surrender:

  Japan's armed forces were to surrender unconditionally to the Allied powers. 

   
• Disarmament:

  Japan's military would be completely disarmed. 

   
• Occupation:

  Allied forces would occupy key points in Japan to ensure the surrender's execution. 

   
• Limited Sovereignty:

  Japan's authority would be limited to its four main islands (Honshu, Hokkaido, Kyushu, Shikoku) and other minor islands, with the removal of all misleading influence. 

   
• Economic and Political Reforms:

  Japan would be permitted to maintain industries supporting its economy and participate in world trade, while also being subject to justice for war criminals, establishment of freedoms (speech, religion, thought), and eventual removal of occupying forces. 

   
• Warning:

  The declaration warned of "prompt and utter destruction" if Japan did not accept the terms. 

   

Background 

 

• The Declaration was issued at the Potsdam Conference (July 17–August 2, 1945), where U.S. President Harry S. Truman, British Prime Minister Winston Churchill (later Clement Attlee), and Soviet Premier Joseph Stalin met to discuss post-war Europe and the Pacific.

Japan's Response

• Japanese Prime Minister Suzuki Kantarō's initial response was "mokusatsu," a word that was interpreted by the press as a refusal to surrender. 
   
• Following the atomic bombing of Hiroshima on August 6, 1945, and the Soviet Union's declaration of war on Japan, Japan formally accepted the Potsdam terms and surrendered on August 10, 1945.