In 1953, the CIA- and MI6-backed 1953 Iranian coup d'état overthrew Iran’s democratically elected Prime Minister, Mohammad Mossadegh, who had nationalized the country's oil industry to reclaim sovereignty from British control.[6][7][8] The coup reinstated Mohammad Reza Pahlavi as an absolute monarch and significantly increased United States influence over Iran. Economically, American firms gained considerable control over Iranian oil production, with US companies taking around 40 percent of the profits. Politically, Iran acted as a counterweight to the Soviet Union and aligned closely with the Western Bloc. Additionally, the US provided the Shah both the funds and the training for SAVAK, Iran’s infamous secret police, with CIA assistance.[9][10][11]
1953年，在美国中央情报局和军情六处的支持下，伊朗发动政变，推翻了伊朗民选总理穆罕默德·摩萨台。摩萨台曾将伊朗石油工业国有化，以从英国手中夺回主权。[6][7][8] 政变使穆罕默德·礼萨·巴列维恢复了绝对君主的地位，并显著增强了美国对伊朗的影响力。在经济上，美国公司获得了对伊朗石油生产的相当大的控制权，美国公司攫取了约40%的利润。在政治上，伊朗充当了苏联的制衡力量，并与西方阵营紧密结盟。此外，在中央情报局的协助下，美国还为伊朗国王沙阿提供资金和培训，用于训练伊朗臭名昭著的秘密警察机构萨瓦克（SAVAK）。[9][10][11]
