On May 7, 2025, during a significant escalation in the ongoing India–Pakistan conflict, the Pakistan Air Force (PAF) claimed to have shot down multiple Indian Air Force (IAF) fighter jets, including three French-made Dassault Rafales. This marked the first instance of Rafale jets being lost in combat.Business Insider+1Wikipedia+1Wikipedia
The aerial engagements occurred following India's launch of "Operation Sindoor," a series of airstrikes targeting alleged terrorist infrastructure in Pakistan and Pakistan-administered Kashmir. In retaliation, the PAF deployed Chinese-made Chengdu J-10C fighter jets, which reportedly engaged and downed the Indian aircraft. The dogfights involved over 125 fighter jets from both sides and lasted more than an hour, making it one of the largest air battles in recent history. Financial Times+6Business Insider+6Wikipedia+6Wikipedia+1Business Insider+1
The PAF's success in these engagements has been attributed to the advanced capabilities of the J-10C jets, particularly their integration with PL-15 long-range air-to-air missiles and sophisticated radar systems. These systems may have provided the PAF with a tactical advantage over the IAF's Rafale jets, which, despite their advanced design and weaponry, were reportedly vulnerable in this scenario. Wikipedia
While Pakistan asserts that five Indian aircraft were shot down, including three Rafales, one MiG-29, and one Su-30MKI, these claims have not been independently verified. India has not officially confirmed these losses. However, debris from at least three Indian aircraft has been recovered, lending some credence to Pakistan's assertions. Wikipedia+4Wikipedia+4Business Insider+4AP News
The incident has drawn international attention, with military analysts closely examining the performance of the Chinese-made J-10C jets against the French-made Rafales. The outcome of these engagements may influence future assessments of air combat strategies and the effectiveness of various fighter aircraft in modern warfare. Wikipedia+1Business Insider+1
