a top 10 medical school right on campus. And its hospital is nationally known.
Brown medical school is far less relevant (overall reputation wise).
About ~87% Duke premed students got accepted to medical schools.
About ~82% Brown premed students got accepted to medical schools.
So the difference isn't that big for pre-med.
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On the other hand, Duke has a top ~10 b-school, and a top ~10 law school on campus, while Brown doesn't even have a b-school, nor law school.
Thus Duke likely will offer some additional research/EC activities/opportunities if someone wants to venture into something different. (But as an ivy member, Brown also has a decent pre-law program).
So it comes down to personal choice - the academics are close enough