there are many books about options play, one guy call Alan M, and his books are the best as i understand.
make it simple, when the stock is fluctuating a lot, the time value will go up. a few days ago, AAPL sharply drop and then raised, the fluctuation pushed the time value up. in the last 1-3 days, AAPL price is quite flat, which pushed down the time value. therefore, both call/put will go down.
As time value is not that easy to estimate, yes, in some cases, short call/put is more reasonable. For example, when you see the USO has strong support of $30, and you are not sure whether USO will be up, or be flat, you can then short USO put $29. That way, if the USO flat or up, you can make money; if the USO down, so long it will not reach $29, it will expire, thus, you can still make some money or at least, not losing money. The risk of shorting option is: if the direction is very wrong, say, USO down to $27, the loss is unlimited.
hope this helps.