英语诗歌倒装句的语法结构
英语句子最基本的正常语序有下列几种: 1. 主语+不及物动词:The sun rises. 主语+助动词+不及物动词:The sun will rise. 2. 主语+及物动词+宾语:The host met the guests. 主语+助动词+及物动词+宾语:The host will meet the guests. 3. 主语+联系动词be+补语:He is a poet. 主语+助动词+联系动词+补语:He may be a poet.
英语诗歌之所以难,其中一个主要原因,就是它大量采用了倒装句。 英语诗歌中的倒装句,打乱了上述的正常语序,进行语序重组,变幻出不同的花样来: 1. 动词+主语: So spake the’Almightie… (Milton, Paradise Lost Vll) 2. 动词+主语+助动词: Cavil you may, but never criticize. (Pope, Essay on Criticism) 3. 主语+宾语+动词: …thy sweet love rememb’red such wealth brings (Shakespeare, Sonnet 29) 4. 主语+助动词+宾语+动词: Not mine own fears… Can yet the lease of my true love control (Shakespeare, Sonnet 107) 5. 宾语+主语+动词: Yet him for this my love no whit distaineth (Shakespeare, Sonnet 33) 6. 宾语+助动词+主语+动词: Full many a glorious morning have I seen (Shakespeare, Sonnet 33) 7. 宾语+动词+主语: …no such roses see I in her cheeks (Shakespeare, Sonnet 130) 8. 动词+宾语+主语: Here rests his head upon the lap of Earth/A Youth (Gray, Elegy in a County Churchard.)
英语诗歌是英语十年级和十二年级的省考的必考内容。掌握倒装句的语法结构,有助于学生还原诗歌的正常语序,从而正确理解诗歌的意思。
(原载《环球华报》教育版《杨老师英语角》) |