烧心?胃痛?不一定是胃食管反流(GERD),可能是贲门失弛缓症(achalasia)

贲门失弛缓症（achalasia）又称贲门痉挛。其主要特征是食管缺乏蠕动，食管下端括约肌（LES）不松弛，造成的高压和对吞咽动作的松弛反应的减弱，使食物无法进入胃内，堵在食管上端。临床表现为咽下困难、食物反流和下端胸骨后不适或疼痛。 很罕见。十万人中可能只有一例，且病因迄今不明。

如何诊断? How is achalasia diagnosed?

Three tests are most commonly used to diagnose and evaluate a swallowing problem:

• Barium swallow. The patient swallows a barium preparation (liquid or other form) and its movement through the esophagus is evaluated using X-ray.
• Endoscopy. A flexible, narrow tube called an endoscope is passed into the esophagus and projects images of the inside of the esophagus onto a screen.
• Manometry. This test measures the timing and strength of esophageal (pump) contractions and lower esophageal sphincter (valve) relaxation.

更多的信息，请参考:  Achalasia

What is Achalasia?

来源: http://health.clevelandclinic.org/2014/10/when-you-think-you-have-acid-reflux-but-its-not-video/