The first is the Static Theory of Time, according to which time is like space, and there is no such thing as the passage of time; and the second is the Dynamic Theory of Time, according to which time is very different from space, and the passage of time is a real phenomenon.Nov 24, 2020
How did time come into existence?
According to the standard big bang model of cosmology, time began together with the universe in a singularity approximately 14 billion years ago.
According to the standard Big Bang model of cosmology, the universe, along with time, began in a singularity approximately 13.8 billion years ago. The Big Bang theory suggests that prior to this event, all matter, energy, space, and time were concentrated into an infinitely dense and hot point, or singularity. At this singularity, the laws of physics as we know them break down, and our current understanding of the universe's properties cannot fully describe what occurred.
As the universe expanded and cooled following the Big Bang, space and time began to unfold, and the fundamental forces of nature, such as gravity, electromagnetism, and the strong and weak nuclear forces, emerged and started to shape the cosmos. In the initial moments after the Big Bang, the universe was incredibly hot and dense, consisting primarily of a hot plasma of elementary particles such as protons, neutrons, electrons, and photons.
During the first few minutes after the Big Bang, nuclear reactions occurred that synthesized light elements such as hydrogen, helium, and lithium. As the universe continued to expand and cool over billions of years, matter began to clump together under the influence of gravity, eventually forming stars, galaxies, and larger cosmic structures.
Throughout this cosmic evolution, time has played a crucial role in shaping the universe's history. It serves as a dimension through which events occur and change unfolds. The arrow of time points from the past, where the universe was highly dense and hot, to the present, where it has expanded and cooled to its current state. Time is intimately connected with the expansion of the universe, the evolution of galaxies and stars, and the formation of structures on cosmic scales.
While the Big Bang theory provides a robust framework for understanding the origins and evolution of the universe, it also raises profound questions about the nature of time itself, including what might have preceded the Big Bang, if anything, and whether time has a finite beginning or extends infinitely into the past. These questions remain active areas of research and speculation in cosmology and theoretical physics.