What kind of a superpower do you mean? Do you mean a regional superpower or a global superpower?
The terroritory of China is now stemmed from the terroritory of the last dynasty: Qin. It is the one that most people remembers therefore I think this is the Chinese land that all of Chinese is talking about now. In the last dyansty, Qin took Taiwan from former Ming dynasty's descendents and their protector, the Zhen family. Then Japan took it from Qin. The later the KMD took it back from Japan with that treaty from US. Therefore the fighting for Taiwan now is a political battle but infused with Chinese nationalism and a desire to grow strong like in history again.